Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children.

Olsen, Jørgen H.; Nielsen, Ann; Schulgen, Gabi

doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6909.891

Cited by 208 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Linet et al, 1997 Wire Feychting and Ahlbom, 1993 Calculated fields G 0.2 mT 2.7 1.0-6.3 12. Olsen et al, 1993 Calculated fields G 0.25 mT 1.5 0.3-6.7 13. Verkasalo et al, 1993 Calculated fields G 0.2 mT 1.6 0.3-4.5 14.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of evidence on the association of childhood leukemia and 50/60 Hz magnetic field exposure

Loomis

Lagorio

Salvan³

et al. 1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of evidence on the association of childhood leukemia and 50/60 Hz magnetic field exposure

Loomis

Lagorio

Salvan³

et al. 1999

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…However, other epidemiology studies of similar occupational populations have shown negative associations (18,27,53 (48). A high degree of variability in electric and magnetic field exposures has been found in occupational epidemiology studies (14), and a number of confounders that complicate their interpretation have been identified (4,23,34 (17,38,54) or occupational environments (51). The (48).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Toxicity/Oncogenicity Evaluation of 60 Hz (Power Frequency) Magnetic Fields in F344/N Rats

Boorman

McCormick²,

Findlay³

et al. 1999

Toxicol Pathol

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A 2-yr whole-body exposure study was conducted to evaluate the chronic toxicity and possible oncogenicity of 60 Hz (power frequency) magnetic fields in rats. Groups of 100 male and 100 female F344/N rats were exposed continuously to pure, linearly polarized, transient-free 60 Hz magnetic fields at flux densities of 0 Gauss (G) (sham control), 20 milligauss (mG), 2 G, and 10 G; an additional group of 100 male and 100 female F344/N rats received intermittent (1 hr on/1 hr off) exposure to 10 G fields. Mortality patterns, body weight gains throughout the study, and the total incidence and number of malignant and benign tumors in all groups exposed to magnetic fields were similar to those found in sex-matched sham controls. Statistically significant increases in the combined incidence of C-cell adenomas and carcinomas of the thyroid were seen in male rats chronically exposed to 20 mG and 2 G magnetic fields. These increases were not seen in male rats exposed continuously or intermittently to 10 G fields or in female rats at any magnetic field exposure level. No increases in the incidence of neoplasms, which have been identified in epidemiology studies as possible targets of magnetic field action (leukemia, breast cancer, and brain cancer), were found in any group exposed to magnetic fields. There was a decrease in leukemia in male rats exposed to 10 G intermittent fields. The occurrence of C-cell tumors at the 2 lower field intensities in male rats is interpreted as equivocal evidence of carcinogenicity; data from female rats provides no evidence of carcinogenicity in that sex. These data, when considered as a whole, are interpreted as indicating that chronic exposure to pure linearly polarized 60 Hz magnetic fields has little or no effect on cancer development in the F344/N rat.

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“…In EBCLIS, mean 24-h measurements above 0.1 mT in the bedroom and most lived-in room were found in 42% and 44% of homes, respectively; measurements above 0.2 mT at those locations were present in 20% and 22% of homes, respectively; and measurements above 0.3 mT were found in 11% and 14% of homes, respectively. In childhood leukemia studies, the proportion of residences with measurements above 0.1 mT ranged from 0.5% in Denmark (Olsen et al, 1993) to 36% in states in the NCI childhood leukemia study (Linet et al, 1997;Greenland et al, 2000); measurements above 0.2 mT ranged from 0.4% to 12%, respectively; and measurements above 0.3 mT ranged from 0.4% to 6%, respectively.…”

Section: Distribution Of Wire Codes and Magnetic Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wire coding in the EMF and Breast Cancer on Long Island Study: relationship to magnetic fields

O’Leary

Schoenfeld

Henderson

et al. 2003

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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The Electromagnetic Fields and Breast Cancer on Long Island Study (EBCLIS) is a large population-based case-control study investigating possible associations between magnetic fields and breast cancer, and includes a comprehensive set of in-home measurements. We investigated the reproducibility of wire codes, their relation to 24-h measurements of residential magnetic fields, and potential influences, such as housing characteristics, in homes of the 1161 EBCLIS participants. Replicate wire coding was performed in homes originally categorized as having very high current configurations (VHCC) in the Wertheimer-Leeper (W-L) wire coding scheme, and a random sample of other homes (235 residences). Reproducibility was very high, with a k statistic of 0.83 (95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 0.77-0.89) for the five-category W-L wire codes and 0.91 (95% CI ¼ 0.86-0.95) for the three-category Kaune-Savitz (K-S) codes. As levels of W-L and K-S wire codes increased, the mean and median 24-h levels of broadband and harmonic fields in the residences also increased, indicating an association between wire codes and magnetic fields measurements. Regions of Long Island with the highest percentage of homes built before 1950 had the highest percentage of higher current configuration homes, as well as the highest average 24-h broadband and harmonic measurements. Adjustment for age of the home and region did not affect the relation between wire codes and measured magnetic fields. Our results indicate that: (a) a high reproducibility in wire coding was achieved, (b) wire codes were correlated with magnetic fields, and (c) wire code levels were related to the age of the home. The high level of reproducibility suggests that, in our case-control analyses, there will be minimal bias due to misclassification of wire code categories. Results also suggest that wire codes are a proxy measure, to some degree, for current in-home magnetic field measurements in this study.

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Residence near high voltage facilities and risk of cancer in children.

Abstract: Objective-To investigate whether residence before and after birth near 50 Hz high voltage installations increases a child's risk of cancer and whether risk correlates with the strength of the magnetic field.Design-A population based case-control study. Setting-Denmark.

Cited by 208 publications

References 11 publications

Update of evidence on the association of childhood leukemia and 50/60 Hz magnetic field exposure

Update of evidence on the association of childhood leukemia and 50/60 Hz magnetic field exposure

Chronic Toxicity/Oncogenicity Evaluation of 60 Hz (Power Frequency) Magnetic Fields in F344/N Rats

Wire coding in the EMF and Breast Cancer on Long Island Study: relationship to magnetic fields

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