Research progress of the paraventricular thalamus in the regulation of sleep–wake and emotional behaviors

Bu, Xiaoli; Liu, Chengxi; Fu, Bao

doi:10.1002/ibra.12034

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Dopaminergic terminals have been described to reach a number of thalamic nuclei, including the midline and intralaminar nuclei, known to be involved in mediating arousal via widespread cortical 'nonspecific' or 'higher-order' projections (Groenewegen and Berendse, 1994;Saalmann, 2014;Van der Werf et al, 2002;Vertes et al, 2022). The midline nuclei include the paraventricular nucleus ('paraventricular thalamus', PVT), the focus of much recent research, aimed at clarifying the cellular mechanisms and neuronal circuitry involved in thalamic arousal (Ao et al, 2021;Bu et al, 2022aBu et al, , 2022bKolaj et al, 2014;Ren et al, 2018;Shao et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2023b).…”

Section: Arousalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GABA inhibits the glutamatergic neurones via GABA A receptors on the cell bodies. A dopaminergic input to the PVT derives from the SNc (Freeman et al, 2001), and there is evidence of the presence of D2 dopamine receptors in this structure (Bu et al, 2022b). Dopamine increases the activity of glutamatergic neurones via stimulating D2 receptors (Ao et al, 2021).…”

Section: Arousalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three paradoxes related to the mode of action of pramipexole: The path from D2/D3 dopamine receptor stimulation to modification of dopamine-modulated functions

Szabadi

2024

J Psychopharmacol

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Pramipexole, a D2/D3 dopamine receptor agonist, is used to treat the motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease, caused by degeneration of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway. There are three paradoxes associated with its mode of action. Firstly, stimulation of D2/D3 receptors leads to neuronal inhibition, although pramipexole does not inhibit but promotes some dopamine-modulated functions, such as locomotion and reinforcement. Secondly, another dopamine-modulated function, arousal, is not promoted but inhibited by pramipexole, leading to sedation. Thirdly, pramipexole-evoked sedation is associated with an increase in pupil diameter, although sedation is expected to cause pupil constriction. To resolve these paradoxes, the path from stimulation of D2/D3 receptors to the modification of dopamine-modulated functions has been tracked. The functions considered are modulated by midbrain dopaminergic nuclei: locomotion – substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc), reinforcement/motivation – ventral tegmental area (VTA), sympathetic activity (as reflected in pupil function) – VTA; arousal – ventral periaqueductal grey (vPAG), with contributions from VTA and SNc. The application of genetics-based molecular techniques (optogenetics and chemogenetics) has enabled tracing the chains of neurones from the dopaminergic nuclei to their final targets executing the functions. The functional neuronal circuits linked to the D2/D3 receptors in the dorsal and ventral striata, stimulated by inputs from SNc and VTA, respectively, may explain how neuronal inhibition induced by pramipexole is translated into the promotion of locomotion, reinforcement/motivation and sympathetic activity. As the vPAG may increase arousal mainly by stimulating cortical D1 dopamine receptors, pramipexole would stimulate only presynaptic D2/D3 receptors on vPAG neurones, curtailing their activity and leading to sedation.

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Section: Arousalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Arousalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three paradoxes related to the mode of action of pramipexole: The path from D2/D3 dopamine receptor stimulation to modification of dopamine-modulated functions

Szabadi

2024

J Psychopharmacol

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“…As PV represents a critical interface brainstem/diencephalic and forebrain limbic structures (Kirouac, 2015 ), PV has been linked to various functions, including arousal, feeding/appetitive behavior, fear/aversion and drug addiction (for review, Hsu et al, 2014 ; Kirouac, 2015 ; Millan et al, 2017 ; Huang et al, 2018 ; Zhou and Zhu, 2019 ; Barson et al, 2020 ; McGinty and Otis, 2020 ; Iglesias and Flagel, 2021 ; McNally, 2021 ; Penzo and Gao, 2021 ; Bu et al, 2022 ). These behaviors may have a common thread suggesting a key role for PV in the appetitive and aversive motivated behaviors.…”

Section: The Dorsal Midline Thalamus: Paraventricular and Paratenial ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and functional organization of the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus

Vertes

Linley

Rojas

2022

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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The midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus form a major part of the “limbic thalamus;” that is, thalamic structures anatomically and functionally linked with the limbic forebrain. The midline nuclei consist of the paraventricular (PV) and paratenial nuclei, dorsally and the rhomboid and nucleus reuniens (RE), ventrally. The rostral intralaminar nuclei (ILt) consist of the central medial (CM), paracentral (PC) and central lateral (CL) nuclei. We presently concentrate on RE, PV, CM and CL nuclei of the thalamus. The nucleus reuniens receives a diverse array of input from limbic-related sites, and predominantly projects to the hippocampus and to “limbic” cortices. The RE participates in various cognitive functions including spatial working memory, executive functions (attention, behavioral flexibility) and affect/fear behavior. The PV receives significant limbic-related afferents, particularly the hypothalamus, and mainly distributes to “affective” structures of the forebrain including the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, nucleus accumbens and the amygdala. Accordingly, PV serves a critical role in “motivated behaviors” such as arousal, feeding/consummatory behavior and drug addiction. The rostral ILt receives both limbic and sensorimotor-related input and distributes widely over limbic and motor regions of the frontal cortex—and throughout the dorsal striatum. The intralaminar thalamus is critical for maintaining consciousness and directly participates in various sensorimotor functions (visuospatial or reaction time tasks) and cognitive tasks involving striatal-cortical interactions. As discussed herein, while each of the midline and intralaminar nuclei are anatomically and functionally distinct, they collectively serve a vital role in several affective, cognitive and executive behaviors – as major components of a brainstem-diencephalic-thalamocortical circuitry.

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Chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex system and the potential roles of psychedelic therapies

Armstrong,

Castellanos,

Christie

2024

Front. Pain Res.

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Despite research advances and urgent calls by national and global health organizations, clinical outcomes for millions of people suffering with chronic pain remain poor. We suggest bringing the lens of complexity science to this problem, conceptualizing chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex biopsychosocial system. We frame pain-related physiology, neuroscience, developmental psychology, learning, and epigenetics as components and mini-systems that interact together and with changing socioenvironmental conditions, as an overarching complex system that gives rise to the emergent phenomenon of chronic pain. We postulate that the behavior of complex systems may help to explain persistence of chronic pain despite current treatments. From this perspective, chronic pain may benefit from therapies that can be both disruptive and adaptive at higher orders within the complex system. We explore psychedelic-assisted therapies and how these may overlap with and complement mindfulness-based approaches to this end. Both mindfulness and psychedelic therapies have been shown to have transdiagnostic value, due in part to disruptive effects on rigid cognitive, emotional, and behavioral patterns as well their ability to promote neuroplasticity. Psychedelic therapies may hold unique promise for the management of chronic pain.

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Research progress of the paraventricular thalamus in the regulation of sleep–wake and emotional behaviors

Cited by 4 publications

References 61 publications

Three paradoxes related to the mode of action of pramipexole: The path from D2/D3 dopamine receptor stimulation to modification of dopamine-modulated functions

Three paradoxes related to the mode of action of pramipexole: The path from D2/D3 dopamine receptor stimulation to modification of dopamine-modulated functions

Structural and functional organization of the midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus

Chronic pain as an emergent property of a complex system and the potential roles of psychedelic therapies

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