Research Progress of Fluorescent Probes for Cysteine Targeting Cellular Organelles

Abstract

As an important endogenous biothiol, cysteine is involved in various physiological processes. Besides, cysteine also plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular redox levels and the synthesis of bioactive substances. Cellular organelles all act an essential role in the life process, but different cellular organelles have their own unique functions, which makes the mechanism of cysteine in different organelles may be different. The high sensitivity and in situ analyze ability of fluorescent probes provide a method to monitor cysteine in different organelles, which is helpful to understand the mechanism of cysteine in physiological process more comprehensively. In this review, the recent reports on cysteine specific fluorescent probes are classified according to their targeted organelles. Besides, the property of those probes, including their structure, response mechanism, spectral properties and biological applications, is summarized.

Super-resolution imaging for in situ monitoring sub-cellular micro-dynamics of small molecule drug

“…In recent years, fluorescence imaging has emerged as a viable strategy for tracking intracellular drug activity, visualizing drug dynamics, elucidating off-target activity, assessing MOA, and aiding in disease diagnosis 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 . Furthermore, fluorescence labeling can be seamlessly integrated with super-resolution microscopic techniques to provide insights at the nanometer scale 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 .…”

“…In recent years, fluorescence imaging has emerged as a viable strategy for tracking intracellular drug activity, visualizing drug dynamics, elucidating off-target activity, assessing MOA, and aiding in disease diagnosis 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 . Furthermore, fluorescence labeling can be seamlessly integrated with super-resolution microscopic techniques to provide insights at the nanometer scale 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 . For instance, super-resolution fluorescence imaging has revealed novel transport pathways of platinum complexes (Pt 2 L) within organelles 10 , time-dependent distribution patterns of dextran within mitochondria and lysosomes 12 , and the ability of a natural product, magnoflorine, to target ClO – within mitochondria 11 .…”