Abstract:This review article summaries the method to improve mechanical properties of nitramine composite solid propellants. It concludes that the use of bonding agents is an economical, effective and convenient way to enhance the mechanical properties of propellants. The bonding mechanism and characteristics of bonding agents are analyzed. The review article presents the overview on the types and development of bonding agents for nitramine composite solid propellants. It is considered that the multi-functionalization … Show more
“…The terminal -OH reacts with the isocyanate group in the binder to form highly polar group -CONH that can form hydrogen bond with the -NO 2 in nitramine particles due to the inductive effect. Therefore, an improved interface bonding ability takes shape between the oxidant filler and binder [18][19][20]. At present, the application of BEBA has been focused on the performance improvement of nitramine in the HTPB propellant.…”
Bonding agents are an important type of additive that are used to increase the interfacial interaction in propellants. A suitable bonding agent can prevent the dewetting between the oxidant and binder, and thus effectively improve the mechanical properties of the propellant. In the current paper, the bonding mechanisms and research progress of different types of bonding agents such as alcohol amine bonding agents, borate ester bonding agents, aziridine bonding agents, hydantoin bonding agents, neutral polymer bonding agents, and so on, are reviewed and discussed. The evaluation methods of their bonding performances including molecular dynamic simulation, contact angle method, in situ loading SEM, characterization analysis, and mechanical analysis are summarized to provide design ideas and reference for future studies.
“…The terminal -OH reacts with the isocyanate group in the binder to form highly polar group -CONH that can form hydrogen bond with the -NO 2 in nitramine particles due to the inductive effect. Therefore, an improved interface bonding ability takes shape between the oxidant filler and binder [18][19][20]. At present, the application of BEBA has been focused on the performance improvement of nitramine in the HTPB propellant.…”
Bonding agents are an important type of additive that are used to increase the interfacial interaction in propellants. A suitable bonding agent can prevent the dewetting between the oxidant and binder, and thus effectively improve the mechanical properties of the propellant. In the current paper, the bonding mechanisms and research progress of different types of bonding agents such as alcohol amine bonding agents, borate ester bonding agents, aziridine bonding agents, hydantoin bonding agents, neutral polymer bonding agents, and so on, are reviewed and discussed. The evaluation methods of their bonding performances including molecular dynamic simulation, contact angle method, in situ loading SEM, characterization analysis, and mechanical analysis are summarized to provide design ideas and reference for future studies.
“…As an outcome, NPBA separates from the slurry and adsorbed on the surface of nitramine. Moreover, hydroxyl functional group from the macromolecule participates in the curing process and enters into binder network to accomplish the anticipated properties .…”
Section: Bonding Agents For Nitramines Based Composite Propellantmentioning
Bonding agents are auxiliary but critical additives in composite propellants. The bonding agent ameliorates the processing and mechanical performance of propellant through interfacial interaction between particulate fillers and binder matrix. Several bonding agents have been developed over the years to treat the dewetting problem of the composite solid propellant. In this review, we describe the different types of bonding agents, their bonding mechanism and development in the composite propellants. An individual bonding agent is discussed critically in terms of its strengths and weaknesses. The review provides an understanding of the developments of the bonding agent in the field of composite solid propellants.
“…In recent years, scholars have conducted various studies on the interface interaction of explosive composite particles [8][9][10][11][12] . One of the common methods is adding a bonding agent to composite particles, which can improve the coating effect of the binder on the explosive crystals and enhance the mechanical properties [13][14][15][16][17] . Zhang et al [18,19] .…”
The interfacial strength between explosive crystal and binder usually plays a key role in exhibiting excellent mechanical properties of composite explosives. In this paper, high energetic crystal octahydro‐1,3,5,7‐tetranitro‐1,3,5,7‐tetrazocine (HMX) was coated by the typical binder cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene rubber (BR), then two silane coupling agents were added to the composite particles to enhance the interface strength. The results showed that the BR binder modified by silane coupling agent is easier to spread on the surface of HMX crystal, and form a good coating effect. In the mechanical properties test of composite particles, (3‐Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane significantly improved the tensile and compressive strength of HMX/BR based composite particles, while 3‐(Triethoxysilyl) propionitrile decreased the mechanical properties of the composite particles.
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