Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

Thapliyal, Neeta; Chiwunze, Tirivashe E.; Karpoormath, Rajshekhar; Goyal, Rajendra N.; Patel, Harun; Cherukupalli, Srinivasulu

doi:10.1039/c6ra05025e

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…There are different detection principles available in electrochemical sensing, including voltammetry, amperometry, potentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) [ 56 ]. Voltammetry is an active technique to measure the current density of an electrochemical process at a constant or varying applied potential, while amperometry quantifies the current intensity generated at a constant potential with reduced or oxidized species of an electroactive species in the solution [ 57 , 58 ]. These methods provide a method to distinguish electrochemical systems by calculating the number of electroactive species of the process as the measured current is directly proportional to the concentration of the analyte [ 58 ].…”

Section: Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Enzyme-Free Electrochemical Sensors for Flexible Electronics in the Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds: A Review

Pathiraja

Bonner

Obare

2023

Sensors

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Emerging materials integrated into high performance flexible electronics to detect environmental contaminants have received extensive attention worldwide. The accurate detection of widespread organophosphorus (OP) compounds in the environment is crucial due to their high toxicity even at low concentrations, which leads to acute health concerns. Therefore, developing rapid, highly sensitive, reliable, and facile analytical sensing techniques is necessary to monitor environmental, ecological, and food safety risks. Although enzyme-based sensors have better sensitivity, their practical usage is hindered due to their low specificity and stability. Therefore, among various detection methods of OP compounds, this review article focuses on the progress made in the development of enzyme-free electrochemical sensors as an effective nostrum. Further, the novel materials used in these sensors and their properties, synthesis methodologies, sensing strategies, analytical methods, detection limits, and stability are discussed. Finally, this article summarizes potential avenues for future prospective electrochemical sensors and the current challenges of enhancing the performance, stability, and shelf life.

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Section: Electrochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Enzyme-Free Electrochemical Sensors for Flexible Electronics in the Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds: A Review

Pathiraja

Bonner

Obare

2023

Sensors

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“…The voltage across WE and RE is measured with a high-input impedance device, to minimize the contribution of the ohmic potential drop to the total difference in potential. The potential of WE, thanks to an accumulation of charged molecules (ions), exclusively depends on the analytical concentration of the analyte in the gas or solution phase, while the RE is needed to provide a defined reference potential [62].…”

Section: Potentiometricmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Electrochemical Biosensors: Opportunities and Metrological Challenges

2020

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Printed electrochemical biosensors have recently gained increasing relevance in fields ranging from basic research to home-based point-of-care. Thus, they represent a unique opportunity to enable low-cost, fast, non-invasive and/or continuous monitoring of cells and biomolecules, exploiting their electrical properties. Printing technologies represent powerful tools to combine simpler and more customizable fabrication of biosensors with high resolution, miniaturization and integration with more complex microfluidic and electronics systems. The metrological aspects of those biosensors, such as sensitivity, repeatability and stability, represent very challenging aspects that are required for the assessment of the sensor itself. This review provides an overview of the opportunities of printed electrochemical biosensors in terms of transducing principles, metrological characteristics and the enlargement of the application field. A critical discussion on metrological challenges is then provided, deepening our understanding of the most promising trends in order to overcome them: printed nanostructures to improve the limit of detection, sensitivity and repeatability; printing strategies to improve organic biosensor integration in biological environments; emerging printing methods for non-conventional substrates; microfluidic dispensing to improve repeatability. Finally, an up-to-date analysis of the most recent examples of printed electrochemical biosensors for the main classes of target analytes (live cells, nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites and electrolytes) is reported.

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“…Potentiometry is still the universal approach for pH measurement and is among significant measurement techniques in clinical laboratories. Now-a-day, ion-selective electrodes (ISE) have also become versatile tools for the detection and analysis of organic and inorganic species [ 1 ]. In addition, the development of thin-layer potentiometry and solid contact ion-selective electrodes (SCISE) during the last few decades provide potentiometric sensors as an ideal candidate for fabrication of miniaturized sensors with the enhanced sensitivity and simplified construction and operation methods [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

2021

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An origami three-dimensional design of a paper-based potentiometric sensor is described. In its simplest form, this electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) is made from three small parts of the paper. Paper layers are folded on each other for the integration of a solid contact ion selective electrode (here a carbon-paste composite electrode) and a solid-state pseudo-reference electrode (here writing pencil 6B on the paper), which are in contact with a hydrophilic channel fabricated on the middle part (third part) of the paper. In this case, the pseudo-reference and working electrodes are connected to the two sides of the hydrophilic channel and hence the distance between them is as low as the width of paper. The unmodified carbon paste electrode (UCPE) and modification with the crown ether benzo15-crown-5 (B15C5) represented a very high sensitivity to Cu (II) and Cd2+ ions, respectively. The sensor responded to H2O2 using MnO2-doped carbon paste electrode (CPE). Furthermore, a biosensor was achieved by the addition of glucose oxidase to the MnO2-doped CPE and hence made it selective to glucose with ultra-sensitivity. In addition to very high sensitivity, our device benefits from consuming a very low volume of sample (10.0 µL) and automatic sampling without need for sampling devices.

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Research progress in electroanalytical techniques for determination of antimalarial drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples

Abstract: The review focusses on the role of electroanalytical methods for determination of antimalarial drugs in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations with a critical analysis of published voltammetric and potentiometric methods.

Cited by 26 publications

References 133 publications

Recent Advances of Enzyme-Free Electrochemical Sensors for Flexible Electronics in the Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds: A Review

Recent Advances of Enzyme-Free Electrochemical Sensors for Flexible Electronics in the Detection of Organophosphorus Compounds: A Review

Printed Electrochemical Biosensors: Opportunities and Metrological Challenges

An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

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