Research on U.S. Military Women: Recruitment and Retention Challenges and Strategies

Braun, Lisa; Kennedy, Holly Powell; Sadler, Lois S.; Dixon, Jane

doi:10.7205/milmed-d-14-00601

Cited by 19 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Because recruiting service members for research has been noted to be difficult (Braun et al, ; Bush et al, ; Williams et al, ), it is important to avoid turning away those who actively inquire about their eligibility to participate. We recommend avoiding unnecessarily restrictive criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Knowledge about research participants’ decision‐making can improve recruitment and retention strategies that target specific populations and can help facilitate high‐quality research with representative samples. Researchers conducting research relevant to the health needs of military personnel often rely on US military service members to participate in their research but have reported that recruiting service members as research participants is challenging (Braun, Kennedy, Sadler, & Dixon, ; Bush, Sheppard, Fantelli, Bell, & Reger, ; Williams, Gatien, & Hagerty, ). Little is known about the reasons why service members decide to participate in health research studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

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US Military Service Members’ Reasons for Deciding to Participate in Health Research

Cook

Melvin

Doorenbos

2017

Research in Nursing & Health

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Researchers have reported challenges in recruiting US military service members as research participants. We explored their reasons for participating. Eighteen US military service members who had participated in at least one health-related research study within the previous 3 years completed semi-structured individual interviews in person or by telephone, focused on the service members’ past decisions regarding research participation. Service members described participation decisions for 34 individual research experiences in 27 separate studies. Service members’ reasons for participation in research clustered in three themes: others-, self-, and fit-focused. Each decision included reasons characterized by at least two themes. Reasons from all three themes were apparent in two-thirds of individual participation decisions. Reasons described by at least half of the service members included a desire to make things better for others, to improve an organization, to help researchers, and to improve one’s health; understanding how they fit in studies; and convenience of participation. Findings may help researchers, study sponsors, ethicists, military leaders, and military decision-makers better understand service members’ reasons for participating in research and improve future recruitment of service members in health research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

US Military Service Members’ Reasons for Deciding to Participate in Health Research

Cook

Melvin

Doorenbos

2017

Research in Nursing & Health

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“…This is particularly evident among the nation's 22 million US veterans. Despite a critical need for evidence-based approaches to service-related health issues, veterans are frequently reluctant to partner with or participate in the research enterprise (Bush, Sheppard, Fantell, & Bell, 2013;Braun, Kennedy, Sadler, & Dixon, 2015;Littman, True, Ashmore, Wellens, & Smith, 2018;Williams, Gatien, & Hagerty, 2012;Funderburk, Spinola, & Maisto, 2015). The purpose of this multi-state project was to invite veterans to dialogue about (1) their research priorities; (2) perceived barriers to research participation; (3) recommended strategies for engaging veterans in research; and (4) their preferences for receiving research findings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Veteran-Centered Research: A Veteran-Focused Community Engagement Project

Flynn

Krause‐Parello

Chase

et al. 2019

JVS

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Although it is widely acknowledged that consumer engagement in healthcare research is a promising pathway to actionable patient-centered findings, there remains some ambiguity regarding effective patient-centered engagement strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this US-based multi-state project was to create a platform from which US veterans could dialogue and articulate (1) their research priorities; (2) perceived barriers to research partnerships and participation; (3) recommendations for engaging other veterans in the research enterprise; and (4) preferences about how they would like to receive research findings. A total of 283 veterans and 101 community stakeholders participated across 54 dialogue sessions or Think Tank Meetings (TTMs) held in six states with the largest veteran populations: California, Texas, Florida, Pennsylvania, New York, and Ohio. Each TTM was led by a local veteran with strong ties to the veteran community. To address veteran concerns about the research process, a local researcher from the project team recorded field notes rather than audiotaping, which were analyzed by the lead research team using open and axial coding. Based on veterans' recommendations, a list of veteran-centered research priorities is presented, as are two checklists designed to guide research teams seeking to engage veterans in research and disseminate findings to the veteran community.

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“…While critical for successful research on military health issues, researchers have reported difficulties in recruiting service members as research participants. 1–3 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Braun et al 3 presented a review of literature that identified recruitment challenges in research with U.S. military women. Their findings indicated that there is limited literature regarding recruitment and retention challenges in research with service members as research participants, and specifically with female service members as research participants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indications of Recruitment Challenges in Research with U.S. Military Service Members: A ClinicalTrials.gov Review

Cook

Doorenbos

2017

Military Medicine

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Introduction The success of military-relevant health research often depends on recruiting adequate numbers of U.S. military service members as research participants. Researchers have reported difficulties in recruiting service member research participants. Reviews of ClinicalTrials.gov, an online clinical trial registry of publicly and privately sponsored studies, have identified challenges in participant recruitment and barriers to study completion in various research populations. The purpose of this study was to identify indications of difficulty recruiting U.S. military service members as research participants based on data from study records in ClinicalTrials.gov. Materials and Methods Records of studies starting between 2005 and 2014 were collected from ClinicalTrials.gov and updated through January 2016. Three hundred and two studies that included ≥25% U.S. military service member research participants were (1) compared to a comparison group of 302 studies, each with <5% service member participants and (2) compared by the proportion of service member participants within studies in the military group (“many” ≥25% but <100% service members and “all” 100% service members). Groups were evaluated and compared for recruitment status; reasons for study withdrawal, termination, or suspension; achievement of ≥85% of the anticipated enrollment; and differences in achieving recruitment goals according to study sponsor. Results Twelve percent of studies in the military group had been withdrawn, terminated, or suspended; enrollment and funding problems were the most common reasons. The comparison group had 11% of studies withdrawn, terminated, or suspended; the most common reasons were enrollment problems and sponsor decision. All study groups had indications of difficulty adequately achieving participant enrollment goals. Among studies with known anticipated and actual enrollment, approximately half in both the military group (47.9%) and comparison group (50.3%) achieved ≥85% of the anticipated enrollment (p = 0.722). Half of studies with many service members and 44% of studies with all service members achieved ≥85% of the anticipated enrollment (p = 0.600). In comparing the many and all service member subgroups, significant differences were found in the median values for anticipated enrollment and actual enrollment, even when accounting for Bonferroni correction. Evaluations of mean values did not show a statistical difference between the military subgroups. There were no significant differences according to study sponsor (military, academic, Veterans Affairs, National Institutes of Health, nonprofit organization, or industry) for a study achieving or not achieving ≥85% of the anticipated enrollment. Conclusion This review supports anecdotal reports of difficulty recruiting service members as research participants. However, the findings also indicate that in many regards, there is not much difference in the difficulties recruiting service members versus other research participants. Findings suggest that it is ...

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Research on U.S. Military Women: Recruitment and Retention Challenges and Strategies

Cited by 19 publications

References 40 publications

US Military Service Members’ Reasons for Deciding to Participate in Health Research

US Military Service Members’ Reasons for Deciding to Participate in Health Research

Toward Veteran-Centered Research: A Veteran-Focused Community Engagement Project

Indications of Recruitment Challenges in Research with U.S. Military Service Members: A ClinicalTrials.gov Review

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