Research on Polling Control System in Wireless Sensor Networks

Yang, Zhen; Mao, Lei

doi:10.5772/intechopen.93507

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The Intelligent Built-Environment as Cyber-Physical System List of Figures 34 ). 62 3.5 Wireless communication standards and their characteristics (figure redrawn from [125], [127]). 64 3.6 Top: Typical sensing node (figure redrawn from [128]).…”

Section: Alex Quito November 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…64 3.6 Top: Typical sensing node (figure redrawn from [128]). Middle: Structure of a typical Wireless Sensor Network (figure redrawn from [125], [129], [130]). Bottom: Typical WSN arrangement (figure redrawn from [128]).…”

Section: Alex Quito November 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bottom: Typical WSN arrangement (figure redrawn from [128]). 66 3.7 Variety of WSN applications (figure redrawn from [125]). 67 3.8 Left: Typical placement of BAN nodes (figure redrawn from [137]).…”

Section: Alex Quito November 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intelligent Built-Environment as Cyber-Physical System

Liu Cheng

2024

Architecture and the Built Environment

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This thesis presents an alternative approach to intelligence in the built-environment, departing from the two established yet divergent branches in the discourse: the Technical, centered around Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), and represented by Ambient Intelligence (AmI) and Ambient Assisted Living (AAL); and the Architectural, centered around architectural / spatial experiences and considerations, and represented by Interactive Architecture and Adaptive Architecture. The promise of both AmI/AAL and IA/AA is constrained by rigid and increasingly outdated assumptions in their approaches—i.e., AmI’s / AAL’s approach to the built-environment, and IA’s / AA’s approach to ICTs. Moreover, it is impossible to combine them to yield a cohesive system due to disparity in their typical Technology Readiness Levels. That is, the sophistication of a system depends on that of its mutually complementing subsystems; and two or more subsystems may not mutually complement, sustain, and/or support one another if their levels of development do not correspond. Consequently, the presented alternative conceives the intelligent built-environment as a Cyber- Physical System. Under this approach, ICTs and Architectural considerations in conjunction instantiate intelligence fundamentally. The presented approach’s promise is illustrated via its application to a constrained use-case focused on the elderly. Twelve proof-of-concept demonstrators are developed based on key parameters pertaining to Indoor Environmental Quality and Quality of Life. While each demonstrator is presented as a discrete proof-of-concept, all build on the same core System Architecture and technological ecosystem, and are intended to be viewed as a collection of systems and services expressed within a same hypothetical environment.

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Section: Alex Quito November 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alex Quito November 2023mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Intelligent Built-Environment as Cyber-Physical System

Liu Cheng

2024

Architecture and the Built Environment

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“…Another valuable source of innovation may be the Internet of Things. This concept is based on the premise that, thanks to special sensors, everyday objects can communicate with each other and perform specific tasks (Yang, 2014). For instance, sensors placed in the refrigerator may detect which products are missing and automatically add them to shopping lists or even place an order in an online shop.…”

Section: Ict As a Source Of Innovationmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to design innovative information services at the library?

Wójcik

2019

LHT

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Purpose The subject of the paper is innovative information services. The purpose of this paper is to identify the potential sources of innovation in library information services and point out how they can be used to improve the overall service quality. Design/methodology/approach In the first stage, literature analysis and critique was used to establish the state of research in the field of innovative solutions and select the main sources of innovation in services. Next, a systematic search of the subject literature and network resources was carried out according to the selected criteria to find the examples of innovative commercial services, particularly in the information sector. Findings Libraries, like all customer-oriented service organizations, must innovate and continually evolve to better meet the needs of their audience. It seems that in libraries, the basis of innovation and building a competitive advantage over other institutions may primarily be the thoughtful design of services in the spirit of the assumptions of the experience economy. Innovative ideas based on in-depth knowledge of user needs are less dependent on financial conditions and more on the creativity and enthusiasm of library staff. Research limitations/implications This paper is a conceptual work presenting the issue of innovation from the perspective adopted by the author. The paper does not aim to fulfill the subject but to show some interesting aspects of this issue and help initiate discussions on innovation in libraries from the perspective of phenomena present on the commercial information services market. This approach, which has not yet been adapted in library science, may show some new aspects and lead to new conclusions. This is a literature review type of paper that is not based on empirical research and it has not yet been tested in practice; however, the author believes that it can provide a valuable framework for designing and implementing innovative services in libraries. The presented process is a preliminary proposal that can and should be modified in the future based on further scientific reflection and examples of implementations in libraries. Practical implications The results can be widely used in practice as a framework for designing innovative services in libraries. The paper, based on subject literature, proposes a process of designing innovative information services that can and should be tested in practice. Social implications The paper can help initiate the debate on the need to implement innovative solutions in library services. Originality/value The issue of innovation in library services has not yet been widely discussed in library and information science journals from the perspective proposed by the author. This paper presents a specific approach to library innovation based on the observation of the certain phenomena on the commercial market, which opens the door to new reflections.

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“…WSNs can be used for various purposes, such as intelligent transportation systems and vehicular communications; electricity, gas and water monitoring; and smart homes, cities and factories (Industry 4.0) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ]. They are also used to monitor various bodily functions, typically in e-Health solutions but also for firefighters, industry and military workers, to detect firefighter movements or track soldiers and predict the warzone [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Influence of Electromagnetic Field on the User of a Wearable IoT Device Used in a WSN for Monitoring and Reducing Hazards in the Work Environment

Zradziński

Karpowicz

Gryz

et al. 2020

Sensors

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the absorption in a user’s head of an electromagnetic field (EMF) emitted by the Wi-Fi and/or Bluetooth module of a wearable small Internet of Things (IoT) electronic device (emitting EMF of up to 100 mW), in order to test the hypothesis that EMF has an insignificant influence on humans, and to compare the levels of such EMF absorption in various scenarios when using this device. The modelled EMF source was a meandered inverted-F antenna (MIFA)-type antenna of the ESP32-WROOM-32 radio module used in wearable devices developed within the reported study. To quantify the EMF absorption, the specific energy absorption rate (SAR) values were calculated in a multi-layer ellipsoidal model of the human head (involving skin, fat, skull bones and brain layers). The obtained results show up to 10 times higher values of SAR from the MIFA located in the headband, in comparison to its location on the helmet. Only wearable IoT devices (similar in construction and way of use to the investigated device) emitting at below 3 mW equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) from Wi-Fi/Bluetooth communications modules may be considered environmentally insignificant EMF sources.

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Research on Polling Control System in Wireless Sensor Networks

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

The Intelligent Built-Environment as Cyber-Physical System

The Intelligent Built-Environment as Cyber-Physical System

How to design innovative information services at the library?

Modelling the Influence of Electromagnetic Field on the User of a Wearable IoT Device Used in a WSN for Monitoring and Reducing Hazards in the Work Environment

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