Research on micro-optical lenses fabrication technology

Li, Yulin; Li, Tonghai; Jiao, Guohua; Hu, Baowen; Junmin, Huo; Wang, Lili

doi:10.1016/j.ijleo.2006.04.013

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The integral transformation performed by the GFL of thickness d is given by Eq. (11) where, in this case, ψ(x 0 , y 0 ) is the fundamental mode at the input face of the GFL, K is the PSF and ψ(x, y; d) is the mode field at the output face of the GFL. After the scaling operation by the GFL, a reproduction of the mode field of the first SMF on the input face of the second SMD is achieved.…”

Section: Grin Fiber Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The possibility of using GRIN materials in optical systems has been considered for many years, but the manufacture of materials has been the limiting factor in implementing GRIN optical elements and devices until the 1970s. In the last 30 years, however, many different gradient index materials have been manufactured by ion diffusion, ion-stuffing, sol-gel, CVD techniques and so on [7][8][9][10][11]. The revival of GRIN optics has not been casual and it is connected to a considerable degree with the enormous development of photonics elements mainly for optical communications system, sensing, and micro-optics [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design of GRIN optical components for coupling and interconnects

Gómez-Reino¹,

Pérez²,

Bao³

et al. 2008

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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This paper reviews the design of some optical systems for coupling and interconnection by GRIN components. The optical systems designed with these components are based on imaging and transforming properties of such components to carry out specific functions. First of all, a brief description of light propagation through GRIN materials will be given. After that, a device to couple light by a GRIN fiber lens into fibers of different core sizes with low loss is described. The coupling efficiency as well as the coupling loss are studied versus variation of the GRIN fiber lens length and the refractive-index profile of the coupler. The design of crossover and parallel interconnects by using a GRIN planar structure will be presented. The optical analysis includes the PSF for describing the performance of the device and the SBP for estimating the numbers of channels that can be handled. The dependence of the number of channels on the wavelength of light and the transverse aperture of the planar interconnect is shown.Spherical GRIN materials: Luneburg (top) and Maxwell's fisheye (bottom) lenses.

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Section: Grin Fiber Lensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of GRIN optical components for coupling and interconnects

Gómez-Reino¹,

Pérez²,

Bao³

et al. 2008

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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show abstract

“…Lithography using gray tone masks is another typical method [7,8]. In addition, etching methods [9][10][11], inkjet printing [12][13][14], and others [15][16][17] are also proposed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Resist Molds and Replicated Nickel Dies for Fabricating Micro-Lens Arrays

Horiuchi

Sasaki

Komatsubara

et al. 2014

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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A new method for fabricating metal dies for the use of micro-lens array molding or stamping was proposed and investigated. As a metal, nickel was used, and the nickel dies were fabricated by replicating the primary resist molds that were directly printed using projection lithography on silicon wafers coated with approximately 10-μm thick positive resist PMER P-LA900PM. Lens array patterns with quasi-spherical cross sections were printed by selecting a wavelength of 405-nm, defocuses between +100 and +200 μm and exposure times of 20-30 min. After printing resist mold patterns of a lens array, a thin gold film was spattered on it, and nickel was electroplated next. The aimed nickel dies were obtained by removing the resist molds from the electroplated nickel blocks. The diameters of nickel dies were faithfully corresponded to those of the resist molds. In addition, the surfaces of nickel dies were very smooth, and the peak-to-valley roughness was almost less than a quarter of visible light wavelengths. The new method will be promisingly effective for fabricating micro-lens arrays.

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“…Accordingly, in this study we proposed a structure of micro prism array that could separate two different kinds of image information to particular directions from one LC panel simultaneously. Using the processes of the three steps of lithography and the reactive ion etching will manufacture the profile of eight levels [7] [8]. The method uses binary optics and doesn't change inner structure of LC panel more.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and fabrication of quartz-based micro prism array of dual-view display by using reactive ion etching

Chen

Hsieh

et al. 2008

SPIE Proceedings

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In this paper, a quartz-based micro-prism array structure is newly proposed as the "parallax barrier", and such a device is designed only for fitting the size of a 2.2 inch LCD panel, the most popular size for the TV on mobile phone. The optical simulation software LightTools was applied to verify whether the designed structure can work or not. The parameters we considered including the viewing angle, viewing distance, vertex angle of prism, refractive index of quartz (=1.46) and the sub-pixel width (=66 µm). 1,000,000 rays emitted from the dual view display panel are simulated, as the result, our designed quartz-based micro-prism array structure can successfully separate images from odd or even sub-pixels into two different viewers and the view angle is indeed 80° as our requirement. The key to control the red, green, blue light from different sub-pixels can be precisely guided into the same direction is ascribed to the arrangement of the vertex angles of the relative prisms (R:47.1°, G:47.2 °, B:47.4 ° ). Three steps of lithography and the reactive ion etching can fabricate the precise angle and size of our needs. The left and right images generated by our designed dual-view display are quite pellucid without color difference, and very similar to our simulation.

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Research on micro-optical lenses fabrication technology

Cited by 35 publications

References 7 publications

Design of GRIN optical components for coupling and interconnects

Design of GRIN optical components for coupling and interconnects

Characterization of Resist Molds and Replicated Nickel Dies for Fabricating Micro-Lens Arrays

Design and fabrication of quartz-based micro prism array of dual-view display by using reactive ion etching

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