Research Note: Dietary phytase reduces broiler woody breast severity via potential modulation of breast muscle fatty acid profiles

Cauble, Reagan N; Greene, Elizabeth S.; Orlowski, Sara; Walk, C. L.; Bedford, M.R.; Apple, J. K.; Kidd, M. T.; Dridi, Sami

doi:10.1016/j.psj.2020.05.005

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(55 reference statements)

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“… Cauble et al (2020) , in study of WB affected muscles exhibited a significant higher incidence of white striping found results similar to this DPM myopathy study for some fatty acid profile. The authors conclusion the WB myopathy seemed to be associated with an imbalance of fatty acid profile under analysis as liquid chromatography analysis reveals an imbalance of fatty acid profile in the breast of WB-affected birds with a significant higher percent of saturated fatty acids – SFA (14:0, 15:0, and 17:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids -MUFLA (14:1, 16:1c, 17:1t, 18:1c9, and 18:1c11), and lower content of PUFA and omega-3.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet

Giampietro-Ganeco

Owens²,

Borba

et al. 2021

Poultry Science

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One of the current myopathies affecting the chicken meat industry is deep pectoral myopathy ( DPM ), also known as green muscle disease or Oregon disease, the condition is considered a major problem in poultry processing lines. Thus, the present study proposes to examine the meat quality of the Pectoralis major muscle (breast fillet) from carcasses of broilers affected by DPM in Pectoralis minor muscle (tender) and from a control group. Breast fillets samples were harvested from Ross AP95 broilers that were slaughtered at 42 days of age and were selected to the occurrence of the myopathy (score 2 and score 3) and from a control group without (score 0) the presence of myopathy. Chemical composition, cholesterol, fatty acid profile, pH, color, water-holding capacity, cooking loss, shear force, sarcomere length, and collagen were analyzed in the breast fillet. And with the results it was observed the samples classified as DPM score 2 had a higher moisture and a lower protein percentage. The higher values lipid was found in the samples from broilers affected by DPM. There was no difference ( P > 0.05) fatty acid profile only to C10:0, C15:0, C17:0, C20:0, and C18:2c9,t11. Differences were detected ( P < 0.05) for the pH, WHC, SF, and sarcomere length of the samples from broilers affected by DPM. The higher pH observed in the samples from birds classified as DPM score 2 and the higher WHC values were observed in the samples affected by DPM (score 2 and 3). The SF ( P < 0.05) among samples, with the most tender samples (lower SF values) being those unaffected by the condition DPM (score 0). The dorsal side surface, where the Pectoralis major muscle is in contact with the Pectoralis minor muscle, higher L* values were found in the meat affected by the myopathy. Although deep pectoral myopathy affects the Pectoralis minor muscle of broilers, it can also alter the qualitative characteristics and chemical composition of the breast fillets ( Pectoralis major muscle).

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet

Giampietro-Ganeco

Owens²,

Borba

et al. 2021

Poultry Science

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“…Concomitant with these changes, the upregulation of ACLY, FASN, and ME proteins in WB and hypoxic cells indicate that hypoxia alters the fate of SC and activates the adipogenic program. Furthermore, the upregulation of ME suggests that hypoxia may alter the fatty acid profile by reducing PUFA and increasing saturated FA as previously reported in WB ( Cauble et al., 2020 ). A previous study reported that a hypoxia state caused by the supplementation of amino acids contributed to the formation of fatty acids, and eventually breast muscle myopathy ( Livingston et al., 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…, 2018 ; Greene et al. , 2019 ; Cauble et al., 2020 ). Breast tissues were collected from WB-affected and unaffected HA birds (n = 10/group), snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at −80°C for further molecular and biochemical analyses.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In continuum of our previous research where we have shown that WB myopathy is associated with dysmetabolism of oxygen homeostasis and activation of hypoxia pathway ( Greene et al., 2020a ) as well as alteration of fatty acid profile ( Cauble et al., 2020 ), we undertook the present study to determine the fate of SC in WB muscle using both in vivo and in vitro approaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypoxia further exacerbates woody breast myopathy in broilers via alteration of satellite cell fate

et al. 2021

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Woody breast ( WB ) condition has created a variety of challenges for the global poultry industry. To date, there are no effective treatments or preventative measures due to its unknown (undefined) etiology. Several potential mechanisms including oxidative stress, fiber-type switching, cellular damage, and altered intracellular calcium levels have been proposed to play a key role in the progression of the WB myopathy. In a previous study, we have shown that WB is associated with hypoxia-like status and dysregulated oxygen homeostasis. As satellite cells ( SC ) play a pivotal role in muscle fiber repair and remodeling under stress conditions, we undertook the present study to determine satellite cell fate in WB-affected birds when reared in either normoxic or hypoxic conditions. Modern random bred broilers from 2015 (n = 200) were wing banded and reared under standard brooding practices for the first 2 wk post-hatch. At 15 d, chicks were divided in 2 body weight-matched groups and reared to 6 wk in either control local altitude or hypobaric chambers with simulated altitude of 6,000 ft. Birds were provided ad libitum access to water and feed, according to the Cobb recommendations. At 6 wk of age, birds were processed and scored for WB, and breast samples were collected from WB-affected and unaffected birds for molecular analyses (n = 10/group). SCs were isolated from normal breast muscle, cultured in vitro, and exposed to normoxia or hypoxia for 2 h. The expression of target genes was determined by qPCR using 2 −∆∆Ct method. Protein distribution and expression were determined by immunofluorescence staining and immunoblot, respectively. Data were analyzed by the Student's t test with significance set at P < 0.05. Multiple satellite cell markers, myogenic factor ( Myf )-5 and paired box ( PAX )-7 were significantly decreased at the mRNA and protein levels in the breast muscle from WB-affected birds compared to their unaffected counterparts. Lipogenic-and adipogenic-associated factors (acetyl-CoA carboxylase, ACCα ; fatty acid synthase, FASN , malic enzyme, ME ; and ATP citrate lyase, ACLY ) were activated in WB-affected birds. These data were supported by an in vitro study where hypoxia decreased the expression of Myf5 and Pax7, and increased that of ACCα, FASN, ME, and ACLY. Together, these data indicate that under hypoxic condition, SC change fate by switching from a myogenic to an adipogenic program, which explains at least partly, the etiology of the WB myopathy.

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“…Studies have shown significant impacts on the health and welfare of affected modern broilers leading to on-farm culling and mortality, resulting in higher economic costs to the global poultry industry (Cauble et al, 2020). It has been estimated that the cost to the US poultry industry is more than US$200 million per year (Kuttappan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of phytase supplementation on plasma and organ myo-inositol content and erythrocyte inositol phosphates as pertaining to breast meat quality issues in chickens

Whitfield

Laurendon

Rochell

et al. 2022

JAAN

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‘Woody breast’ (WB) and ‘white striping’ in broiler meat is a global problem. With unknown etiology, WB negatively impacts bird health, welfare and is a significant economic burden to the poultry industry. New evidence has shown that WB is associated with dysregulation in systemic and breast muscle-oxygen homeostasis, resulting in hypoxia and anaemia. However, it has been observed that phytase (Quantum Blue (QB) a modified, E. coli-derived 6-phytase) super dosing can reverse dysregulation of muscle-oxygen homeostasis and reduces WB severity by ~5%. The objective of this study was to assess whether levels of Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5, the main allosteric regulator of haemoglobin, are influenced by changes in plasma myo-inositol arising from super dosing with phytase. To enable this, methods suitable for measurement of myo-inositol in tissues and inositol phosphates in blood were developed. Data were collected from independent trials, including male Ross 308 broilers fed low and adequate calcium/available phosphate (Ca/AvP) diets supplemented with QB at 1,500 phytase units (FTU)/kg, which simultaneously decreased gizzard InsP6 (P<0.001) and increased gizzard myo-inositol (P<0.001). Similarly, male Cobb 500 broiler chicks fed a negative control (NC) diet deficient in AvP, Ca and sodium or diet supplemented with the QB phytase at 500, 1000 or 2,000 FTU/kg increased plasma (P<0.001) and liver (P=0.007) myo-inositol of 18d-old birds at 2,000 FTU/kg. Finally, QB supplementation of Cobb 500 breeder flock diet at 1,250 FTU/kg increased blood myo-inositol (P<0.001) and erythrocyte Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 (P=0.011) of their 1d-old hatchlings. These data confirmed the ability of phytase to modulate inositol phosphate pathways by provision of metabolic precursors of important signalling molecules. The ameliorations of WB afforded by super doses of phytase may include modulation of hypoxia pathways that also involve inositol signalling molecules. Elevations of erythrocyte Ins(1,3,4,5,6)P5 by phytase supplementation may enhance systemic oxygen carrying capacity, an important factor in the amelioration of WB and WS myopathy.

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Research Note: Dietary phytase reduces broiler woody breast severity via potential modulation of breast muscle fatty acid profiles

Cited by 15 publications

References 43 publications

Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet

Impact of deep pectoral myopathy on chemical composition and quality parameters of chicken breast fillet

Hypoxia further exacerbates woody breast myopathy in broilers via alteration of satellite cell fate

Effect of phytase supplementation on plasma and organ myo-inositol content and erythrocyte inositol phosphates as pertaining to breast meat quality issues in chickens

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