“…This development is associated with two extreme scenarios: centralised versus decentralised manufacturing (Li, Jia, Cheng, & Hu, 2016). Most publications envisage that 3D printing means a more decentralised manufacturing, offering greater proximity to customers and responsiveness to market needs (Fornasiero, Chiodi, Carpanzano, & Carneiro, 2010;Manners-Bell & Lyon, 2012), possibilities to cut out middlemen (Jia, Wang, Mustafee, & Hao, 2016), and even a "de-globalisation" or reshoring of manufacturing to high-income countries (Campbell, Williams, Ivanova, & Garrett, 2011). This is driven by the fact that designs can travel digitally across the globe (Janssen et al, 2014) and may even replace movement of products (Garrett, 2014).…”