Research in theoretical physics

Domokos, G.; Kövesi‐Domokos, S.

doi:10.2172/5692811

Cited by 24 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…The current upper bound (E ν ∼ 10 19.5 eV) on the total cosmic neutrino flux, obtained by combining the exposures of the AGASA and Fly's Eye experiments (the latter integrated over all its operating epochs), is found to be 5.1 × 10 −12 m −2 s −1 sr −1 , at the 95% CL [126]. The sensitivity of surface arrays and fluorescence eyes could be significantly enhanced by triggering on neutrinos that skim the Earth, traveling at low angles along chords with lengths of order their interaction length [127,128,129,130,131,132,133]. Some of these Earth-skimming neutrinos may be converted into tau leptons in the Earth's crust.…”

Section: Ultrahigh Energy Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: The State of the Art Before the Auger Observatory

Anchordoqui

Paul

Reucroft

et al. 2003

Int. J. Mod. Phys. A

115

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In this review we discuss the important progress made in recent years towards understanding the experimental data on cosmic rays with energies ≳ 1019eV. We begin with a brief survey of the available data, including a description of the energy spectrum, mass composition, and arrival directions. At this point we also give a short overview of experimental techniques. After that, we introduce the fundamentals of acceleration and propagation in order to discuss the conjectured nearby cosmic ray sources. We then turn to theoretical notions of physics beyond the Standard Model where we consider both exotic primaries and exotic physical laws. Particular attention is given to the role that TeV-scale gravity could play in addressing the origin of the highest energy cosmic rays. In the final part of the review we discuss the potential of future cosmic ray experiments for the discovery of tiny black holes that should be produced in the earth's atmosphere if TeV-scale gravity is realized in Nature.

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Section: Ultrahigh Energy Neutrino Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: The State of the Art Before the Auger Observatory

Anchordoqui

Paul

Reucroft

et al. 2003

Int. J. Mod. Phys. A

115

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“…These coefficients represent a normalized set of Fock space wave functions for each physical hadron state, with orthogonality relations for orthogonal physical states. Since the matrix elements of all null plane operators between basis states are known, the matrix elements between physical states of bilocal currents or other operators of interest are all calculable in terms of the Fock space wave functions 9) . This situation is evidently the one contemplated by "parton" theorists such as Feynman and Bjorken; they suppose that we know the complete algebra, that it comes out to be a quark-gluon algebra, and that the representation is the familiar one, so that there is a simple Fock space of quark, antiquark, and gluon coordinates.…”

Section: The Further Extension Of Null Plane Algebramentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Algebra – Quarks and what else?

Fritzsch

2018

Murray Gell-Mann and the Physics of Quarks

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“…The actual models performing this feat require a fast turn-on of the cross section with energy that violates S-wave unitarity [13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23].…”

Section: Could Cosmic Rays Be Photons or Neutrinos?mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-energy neutrino astronomy: the cosmic ray connection

2002

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This is a review of neutrino astronomy anchored to the observational fact that Nature accelerates protons and photons to energies in excess of 10 20 and 10 13 eV, respectively.Although the discovery of cosmic rays dates back close to a century, we do not know how and where they are accelerated. There is evidence that the highest energy cosmic rays are extra-galactic -they cannot be contained by our galaxy's magnetic field anyway because their gyroradius far exceeds its dimension. Elementary elementary-particle physics dictates a universal upper limit on their energy of 5 × 10 19 eV, the so-called Greisen-Kuzmin-Zatsepin cutoff; however, particles in excess of this energy have been observed by all experiments, adding one more puzzle to the cosmic ray mystery. Mystery is fertile ground for progress: we will review the facts as well as the speculations about the sources.There is a realistic hope that the oldest problem in astronomy will be resolved soon by ambitious experimentation: air shower arrays of 10 4 km 2 area, arrays of air Cerenkov detectors and, the subject of this review, kilometer-scale neutrino observatories.We will review why cosmic accelerators are also expected to be cosmic beam dumps producing associated high-energy photon and neutrino beams. We will work in detail through an example of a cosmic beam dump, gamma ray bursts. These are expected to produce neutrinos from MeV to EeV energy by a variety of mechanisms. We will also discuss active galaxies and GUT-scale remnants, two other classes of sources speculated to be associated with the highest energy cosmic rays. Gamma ray bursts and active galaxies are also the sources of the highest energy gamma rays, with emission observed up to 20 TeV, possibly higher. The important conclusion is that, independently of the specific blueprint of the source, it takes a kilometer-scale neutrino observatory to detect the neutrino beam associated with the highest energy cosmic rays and gamma rays. We also briefly review the ongoing efforts to commission such instrumentation. Contents

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Research in theoretical physics

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: The State of the Art Before the Auger Observatory

Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays: The State of the Art Before the Auger Observatory

Current Algebra – Quarks and what else?

High-energy neutrino astronomy: the cosmic ray connection

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