Research Advances in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

Abstract

Cardio-cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) are a serious threat to human health and account for 31% of global mortality. Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. (CX) is derived from umbellifer plants. Its rhizome, leaves, and fibrous roots are similar in composition but have different contents. It has been used in Japanese, Korean, and other traditional medicine for over 2000 years. Currently, it is mostly cultivated and has high safety and low side effects. Due to the lack of a systematic summary of the efficacy of CX in the treatment of CVDs, this article describes the material basis, molecular mechanism, and clinical efficacy of CX, as well as its combined application in the treatment of CVDs, and has been summarized from the perspective of safety. In particular, the pharmacological effect of CX in the treatment of CVDs is highlighted from the point of view of its mechanism, and the complex mechanism network has been determined to improve the understanding of CX’s multi-link and multi-target therapeutic effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and endothelial cells. This article offers a new and modern perspective on the impact of CX on CVDs.

Ligusticum chuanxiong promotes the angiogenesis of preovulatory follicles (F1–F3) in late-phase laying hens

“…As shown in Figure 1 A and 1 B , 12 compounds were characterized by LC/MS, including 1 Ligustrazine (m/z = 136.19; rt = 0.88 min), 2 D-Arabitol (m/z = 152.15; rt = 0.926 min), 3 Isoleucine (m/z = 13.17; rt = 2.11 min), 4 Folic acid (m/z = 441.4; rt = 5.117 min), 5 Caffeic acid (m/z = 180.16; rt = 5.801 min), 6 Sodium ferulate (m/z = 216.17; rt = 6.81 min), 7 Ferulic acid (m/z=194.19; rt = 6.881 min), 8 Isochlorogenic acid A (m/z = 516.45;rt = 6.912 min), 9 Isovanillin (m/z = 152.15; rt = 7.676 min), 10 Senkyunolide A (m/z = 192.25; rt = 10.97 min), 11 Ligustilide (m/z = 190.23; rt = 11.86 min), 12 Levistilide A (m/z = 380.48; rt = 13.75 min). The CX extract indicated that the sample used in this experiment contained the active ingredients described in previous research ( Li et al, 2021 ).

Figure 1 Compounds characterization of CX extract and dose-dependent effects of CX extract on angiogenesis of preovulatory follicles.

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An Underutilized Food “Miwu”: Diet History, Nutritional Evaluations, and Countermeasures for Industrial Development

“…The rhizome, leaves, and fibrous roots of L. chuanxiong Hort. are similar in composition but have different contents [ 30 ].…”

“…A range of concentrations between 250 and 1000 g/mL of leaves and rhizome of CX were found to be safe for C. elegans . These concentrations did not affect worm viability after 24 h when compared with the control group; the leaf and root of CX are safe as medicinal and edible plant foods [ 30 , 80 , 81 ]. Moreover, it has been used in Japanese, Korean, and other traditional medicine for over 2000 years.…”

“…Moreover, it has been used in Japanese, Korean, and other traditional medicine for over 2000 years. Currently, it is mostly cultivated and has high safety and low side effects [ 30 ].…”

Tryptophan metabolism: Mechanism-oriented therapy for neurological and psychiatric disorders

“…In the face of the severe personal and social burden caused by neurological and psychiatric disorders, efforts should be made to provide solutions to benefit patients. In order to fulfill the demand for disease-oriented therapies, mechanism-oriented therapies must be implemented on the supply side ( 4 ). Mechanism-oriented therapy is the basis and the means, while disease-oriented therapy is the end and the way out, and they are not contradictory.…”