Requirement of fingerling Channa punctatus (Bloch) for dietary lysine based on growth, feed conversion and lysine retention efficiency, RNA/DNA ratio, haematological parameters and serum antioxidant activity

Abstract

Availability of species-specific nutritionally balanced feeds is the crucial player in determining the economic success and sustainable aquaculture operation. The nutritionally balanced meal must contain an adequate amount to meet the requirement of the species under culture (Ebeneezar et al., 2019). Dietary protein is the most valuable source of essential amino acids (EAAs) required for growth and tissue building (Luo et al., 2006). The inclusion of an optimized amount of quality protein in diets and its deposition in fish could reduce nitrogen waste and production costs (Ebeneezar et al., 2019;Thoman et al., 1999). Although most of the protein of diet is used for growth and development, it is essential to synthesize hormones, antibodies, enzymes and tissues. The quality of dietary protein depends on amino acid composition and utilization. Amino acids are indispensable to protein synthesis (Adesola et al., 2018;Wu et al., 2013). The growth and feed efficiency ratio depends on how close the dietary amino acids are to the requirement. The lack of essential amino acid results in improper utilization of protein and consequently reduces the growth and feed conversion efficiency (Anderson et al., 1995;Dairiki et al., 2007). Hence, information about the dietary amino acids needs is a prerequisite to the formulation of amino acid balanced diets to maximize fish production and prevent the deficiency sign (Glencross et al., 2007).

Effects of dietary lysine level on the growth performance, protein metabolism, and antioxidant status in Hemibagrus wyckioides juveniles

“…In the current study, dietary lysine of 2.3% stimulated the plasma antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and AKP) activities as well as NO content, but reduced the plasma MDA content, suggesting that more lysine further ameliorated the antioxidant status of H. wyckioides . Similarly, previous studies have verified that appropriate amount of lysine has an important role in regulating the antioxidant response of fish such as grass carp (Huang, Maulu, et al, 2021; Li et al, 2014), rainbow trout (Ahmed & Ahmad, 2021), and snake‐headed murrel, Channa punctatus (Sharf & Khan, 2021).…”

“…Thus, lysine deficiency causes growth retardation, appetite loss, fin erosion, and high mortality of fish (Mai et al, 2006). Conversely, excess lysine resulted in growth retardation and increased nitrogen excretion (Sharf & Khan, 2021). Previous studies have evaluated the dietary lysine requirements for some catfish species (Ahmed, 2017; Cao et al, 2012; Khan & Abidi, 2011), but no study was conducted to assess the dietary lysine requirement for H. wyckioides .…”