Required number of location-years for estimating functional lower developmental thresholds and required thermal summations of insects: The first emergence of adult Apthona nigriscutis Foudras as an example

Temperature-Dependent Development in Capital-Breeding Lepidoptera

“…However, application of the improved linear model during thermal characteristic revision resulted in reductions to <4 linear points in more than 70 of the 207 datasets, causing them also to be dropped (Appendix 2). Such wholesale exclusion of datasets again underscores the importance of generating sufficient numbers of T-R points for modeling-at least six, preferably eight or more (Legg et al 2002)-in case points must be removed because of nonlinearity.…”

Temperature-Dependent Development of Overwintering <I>Aphthona lacertosa</I> and <I>A. nigriscutis</I> (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): Two Flea Beetles Introduced for the Biological Control of Leafy Spurge, <I>Euphorbia esula</I>

“…Departures were calculated by subtracting observed dates from the corresponding predicted date. We used the MEANS procedure (paired t-test) (SAS Institute 1999) to test whether average days of departure were signiÞcantly different from 0.0 within each state (Legg et al 2002b). For each species, we also compared mean departure days among states using GLM and REGWQ procedures in SAS (SAS Institute 1999).…”