Reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane in Sprague Dawley rats

Yu, I.T.S.; Ys, Chung; Lim, Cynthia Ciwei; Maeng, SH; Jy, Lee; Hy, Kim; Sj, Lee; Ch, Kim; Kim, TG; Lim, Chang Hyeong; Js, Park; Moon, YH

doi:10.5271/sjweh.221

Cited by 37 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Intraperitoneal injection 2-2-1. Male reproductive and hematopoietic impairment in SD rats caused by intraperitoneal injection Yu et al 18) intraperitoneally injected 0, 125, 250 or 500 mg/kg/day of 2-bromopropane into each group of 10 male SD rats for 28 days. Body weight and testes weight in the 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg groups were significantly less than in the control.…”

Section: Animal Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Toxicity of 2‐Bromopropane: Mainly on its Reproductive Toxicity

Takeuchi

Ichihara

Kamijima

1997

Journal of Occupational Health

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A Review on Toxicity of 2‐Bromopropane : Mainly on its Reproductive Toxicity: Yasuhiro Takeuchi, et al. Department of Hygiene, Nagoya University School of Medicine—2‐Bromopropane has been used mostly as an intermediate for medicines, pesticides and other chemicals in closed systems. Recently it has come to be used as an alternative solvent in open systems instead of ozone layer depleting chlorofluorocarbons. An outbreak of reproductive and hematopoietic disorders occurred in workers exposed to solvents containing 2‐bromopropane in a Korean factory in 1995. After that some animal experiments revealed that 2‐bromopropane has a severe toxic effect on the female and male reproductive organs and hematopoietic organs. We reviewed the toxicity of 2‐bromopropane based on the recent data obtained in epidemiological surveys and animal experiments. Toxicities of structurally related bromopropanes were compared with that of 2‐bromopropane and its risk assessment was discussed. The conclusions are as follows: 1. 2‐Bromopropane has a specific reproductive and hematopoietic toxicity in both sexes in humans and experimental animals. 2. It could impair the testes, especially spermatogonia in males. 3. It could impair the ovarian function, resulting in a disturbed estrous cycle and loss of oocytes in females. 4. It could impair the bone marrow, resulting in pancytopenia. 5. It has a weak potent mutagenicity in bacterial mutation assays. 6. A risk assessment suggests that around 0.3‐10 ppm might be recommended as an occupational exposure limit for 2‐bromopropane.

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Section: Animal Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Toxicity of 2‐Bromopropane: Mainly on its Reproductive Toxicity

Takeuchi

Ichihara

Kamijima

1997

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…Two additional studies were conducted in male rats exposed i.p.. Though the route is not relevant to human exposure scenarios, the studies demonstrated adverse affects on the hematopoietic system [25] and nervous system [27] that were qualitatively consistent to those observed in the inhalation studies. Effects on the hematopoietic and nervous system were not determined for female rats exposed through any route.…”

Section: General Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Evaluations conducted after i.p. [25] or s.c. [37] dosing provided evidence for altered Sertoli cell structure, Leydig cell hyperplasia, and decreased serum testosterone. Further histologic studies showed that 2-BP specifically kills spermatogonia, at least after short-term exposure to high doses [38,40].…”

Section: Summary and Conclusion Of Reproductive And Developmental Hamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhalation exposure of rats to ≥300 ppm (1509 mg/m 3 ) for at least 9 weeks resulted in atrophy of seminiferous tubules, reductions in germ cell numbers, and hyperplastic Leydig cells [22,26] in addition to reduced sperm counts and motility with increased numbers of abnormal sperm [22]. Although inhalation is the primary route of human exposure, testicular lesions, sperm effects, and/or Leydig cell hyperplasia were also observed in animal studies with i.p., s.c., or oral exposure [25,37,43]. Although limited, a s.c. injection study in male rats treated with ≥600 mg/kg bw 2-BP for 5 weeks demonstrated reductions in mating and fertility [37].…”

Section: Male Reproductive Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yu et al [25] conducted a 2-BP toxicity study in rats to verify that adverse effects in the hematopoietic and reproductive systems of workers of a Korean electronics plant were due to 2-BP exposure [3]. Ten male Sprague-Dawley rats per group (∼12 weeks old; from Daehan Animal Center) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.)…”

Section: Animal Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

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NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of 2-bromopropane

Boekelheide

Darney

Daston

et al. 2004

Reproductive Toxicology

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PrefaceThe National Toxicology Program (NTP) and the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) established the NTP Center for the Evaluation of Risks to Human Reproduction (CERHR) in June 1998. The purpose of the CERHR is to provide timely, unbiased, scientifically sound evaluations of human and experimental evidence for adverse effects on reproduction, including development, caused by agents to which humans may be exposed.2-Bromopropane (2-BP) was nominated by NIOSH and selected for evaluation by the CERHR based primarily on documented evidence of worker exposures and published evidence of reproductive toxicity in both rodents and humans. In the US, 2-BP is a contaminant (<0.1%) of 1-bromopropane which is used in spray adhesives and as a precision cleaner and degreaser. 2-BP may also be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceutical dyes and other organic chemicals. In Asia 2-BP has been used as a replacement for chlorofluorocarbons and 1,1,1-trichloroethane.The evaluation of 2-BP was a 4-month effort by a 9-member panel of academic, private, and government scientists that culminated in a public meeting in December 2001. At that meeting, the expert panel reviewed the scientific evidence on 2-BP and reached conclusions ଝ This report is prepared according to the Guidelines for CERHR Panel Members established by NTP/NIEHS. The guidelines are available from the CERHR web site (http://cerhr.niehs.nih.gov/). The format for Expert Panel Reports includes synopses of studies reviewed, followed by an evaluation of the strengths/weaknesses and utility (adequacy) of the study for a CERHR evaluation. Statements and conclusions made under strengths/weaknesses and utility evaluations are those of the Expert Panel and are prepared according to the NTP/NIEHS guidelines. In addition, the panel often makes comments or notes limitations in the synopses of the study. Bold, square brackets are used to enclose such statements. As discussed in the guidelines, square brackets are used to enclose key items of information not provided in a publication, limitations noted in the study, conclusions that differ from authors, and conversions or analyses of data conducted by the panel.Correspondence to shelby@niehs.nih.gov (M. Shelby). regarding its potential effects on human reproduction. The background information on 2-BP and findings of the expert panel are contained within this report. The Expert Panel Report on 2-bromopropane is intended to (1) interpret the strength of scientific evidence that a given exposure or exposure circumstance may pose a hazard to reproduction and the health and welfare of children; (2) provide objective and scientifically thorough assessments of the scientific evidence that adverse reproductive/developmental health effects are associated with exposure to specific chemicals or classes of chemicals, including descriptions of any uncertainties that would diminish confidence in assessment of risks; and (3) identify knowledge gaps to help establish research and testing priorities. Staff ...

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Occupational health survey on workers exposed to 2-bromopropane at low concentrations

Ichihara

Ding²,

et al. 1999

Am. J. Ind. Med.

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Reproductive toxicity of 2-bromopropane in Sprague Dawley rats

Cited by 37 publications

References 12 publications

A Review on Toxicity of 2‐Bromopropane: Mainly on its Reproductive Toxicity

A Review on Toxicity of 2‐Bromopropane: Mainly on its Reproductive Toxicity

NTP-CERHR Expert Panel Report on the reproductive and developmental toxicity of 2-bromopropane

Occupational health survey on workers exposed to 2-bromopropane at low concentrations

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