“…It is one of the plant genera that have attracted extensive pollination studies. So far these studies have shown the only effective pollinators to be bumblebees (Sprague, 1962;Macior 1968aMacior , b, 1969Macior , 1970Macior , 1973Macior , 1975Macior , 1977Macior , 1978Macior , 1982Macior , 1983Macior , 1986aMacior -c, 1988Macior , 1990Macior , 1993Macior , 1995aMacior , b, 1996KoemanKwak, 1973KoemanKwak, , 1977KoemanKwak, , 1979Williams and Batzlli, 1982;Aluri and Robart, 1991;Eriksen et al, 1993;Macior and Sood, 1991;Philipp et al, 1996;Macior and Tang, 1997;Wang, 1998;Wang andLi, 1998, 2005;Macior et al, 2001;Tang and Xie, 2006). This does not support speculations that pollinators of Pedicularis species would be as diverse as the floral morphology implies or that species with extremely elongated corolla tubes might require specific pollinators of lepidoptera or other insects with very long proboscides (Pennell, 1948;Li, 1948Li, , 1951.…”