Reproduction of sympatric populations ofHeliocidaris erythrogramma andH. tuberculata (Echinoidea) in New South Wales

Laegdsgaard, Pia; Byrne, Maria; Anderson, D. T.

doi:10.1007/bf01344355

Cited by 72 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This suggests that the upper thermal-tolerance limit of spermatozoa for H. tuberculata is ,288C. The usual temperature range experienced by H. tuberculata in our study area is 18-238C; however, across the range of their limited distribution it is speculated to be between 168C and 268C (O'Connor et al 1976;O'Connor and Mulley 1977;Laegdsgaard et al 1991). For the current study, temperatures of 248C and 268C reduced H. tuberculata sperm longevity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Effect of near-future seawater temperature rises on sea urchin sperm longevity

Binet

Doyle²

2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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Abstract. Global warming has and will continue to warm the world's oceans, which may have detrimental consequences for marine life. Studies assessing the impact of climate-change stressors on early life-stages of marine invertebrates have focussed on immediate fertilisation success or larval development, but have so far not considered gamete longevity. Recent studies have suggested that sea urchin fertilisation can take place for several hours, as dilute spermatozoa can travel to fertilise distant eggs, making gamete longevity an important factor in fertilisation success for some species. The longevity of spermatozoa from Heliocidaris tuberculata was assessed over a 3-h exposure to current ambient (208C), nearfuture (248C) and future (268C) ocean-temperature scenarios. Sperm mitochondrial activity was also measured throughout the 3-h exposure using the stain Rhodamine 123 (Rh123) and flow cytometry. Sperm longevity, based on fertilisation success, significantly decreased following a 1-h exposure at 268C, or a 3-h exposure at 248C, relative to the 208C treatment. However, sperm mitochondrial activity did not correlate with fertilisation success. Even when fertilisation success was below 20%, Rh123 uptake remained above 80%, indicating the presence of active mitochondria in non-viable spermatozoa. Our results suggested that at projected sea-surface temperatures, the longevity of sea urchin spermatozoa is reduced, which may have consequences for sea urchin population dynamics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Effect of near-future seawater temperature rises on sea urchin sperm longevity

Binet

Doyle²

2013

Mar. Freshwater Res.

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“…(a) Study species and collection site Haliotis coccoradiata and H. erythrogramma were collected during their peak reproductive seasons (October -November and December -January, respectively) [37,42], from Little Bay (33858 0 S, 151814 0 E), an open ocean site near Sydney where they co-occur in shallow-water boulder habitat. The size range used (H. coccoradiata shell length 25-35 mm; H. erythrogramma, test diameter 65-85 mm) was kept as small as possible to reduce interindividual variability in gamete quality.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unshelled abalone and corrupted urchins: development of marine calcifiers in a changing ocean

et al. 2010

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The most fragile skeletons produced by benthic marine calcifiers are those that larvae and juveniles make to support their bodies. Ocean warming, acidification, decreased carbonate saturation and their interactive effects are likely to impair skeletogenesis. Failure to produce skeleton in a changing ocean has negative implications for a diversity of marine species. We examined the interactive effects of warming and acidification on an abalone (Haliotis coccoradiata) and a sea urchin (Heliocidaris erythrogramma) reared from fertilization in temperature and pH/pCO 2 treatments in a climatically and regionally relevant setting. Exposure of ectodermal (abalone) and mesodermal (echinoid) calcifying systems to warming (þ28C to 48C) and acidification (pH 7.6 -7.8) resulted in unshelled larvae and abnormal juveniles. Haliotis development was most sensitive with no interaction between stressors. For Heliocidaris, the percentage of normal juveniles decreased in response to both stressors, although a þ28C warming diminished the negative effect of low pH. The number of spines produced decreased with increasing acidification/pCO 2 , and the interactive effect between stressors indicated that a þ28C warming reduced the negative effects of low pH. At þ48C, the developmental thermal tolerance was breached. Our results show that projected near-future climate change will have deleterious effects on development with differences in vulnerability in the two species.

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“…Here, we determined the temperature and pH/pCO 2 range at which fertilization and normal embryonic development occurs in H. erythrogramma within predicted values for 2070-2100 (SST: C2-48C, pH K0.14 to 0.35 units) and beyond (SST: C68C, pH K0.6 units) in simultaneous exposure to both stressors. During the spawning season, H. erythrogramma gametes and embryos currently experience SST of approximately 19-248C and pH 8.1-8.3 ( Newell 1961;Laegdsgaard et al 1991). Our experimental treatments ranged from 20 to 268C and pH 7.6 to 8.2, with the 268C/pH 7.6 treatment being beyond the most extreme predicted for 2070-2100 (IPCC 2007; but see Whooten et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Temperature, but not pH, compromises sea urchin fertilization and early development under near-future climate change scenarios

et al. 2009

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Global warming is causing ocean warming and acidification. The distribution of Heliocidaris erythrogramma coincides with the eastern Australia climate change hot spot, where disproportionate warming makes marine biota particularly vulnerable to climate change. In keeping with near-future climate change scenarios, we determined the interactive effects of warming and acidification on fertilization and development of this echinoid. Experimental treatments (20-268C, pH 7.6-8.2) were tested in all combinations for the 'business-as-usual' scenario, with 208C/pH 8.2 being ambient. Percentage of fertilization was high (O89%) across all treatments. There was no difference in percentage of normal development in any pH treatment. In elevated temperature conditions, C48C reduced cleavage by 40 per cent and C68C by a further 20 per cent. Normal gastrulation fell below 4 per cent at C68C. At 268C, development was impaired. As the first study of interactive effects of temperature and pH on sea urchin development, we confirm the thermotolerance and pH resilience of fertilization and embryogenesis within predicted climate change scenarios, with negative effects at upper limits of ocean warming. Our findings place single stressor studies in context and emphasize the need for experiments that address ocean warming and acidification concurrently. Although ocean acidification research has focused on impaired calcification, embryos may not reach the skeletogenic stage in a warm ocean.

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Reproduction of sympatric populations ofHeliocidaris erythrogramma andH. tuberculata (Echinoidea) in New South Wales

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Effect of near-future seawater temperature rises on sea urchin sperm longevity

Effect of near-future seawater temperature rises on sea urchin sperm longevity

Unshelled abalone and corrupted urchins: development of marine calcifiers in a changing ocean

Temperature, but not pH, compromises sea urchin fertilization and early development under near-future climate change scenarios

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