Reproduction of Chrotopterus auritus (Peters) in captivity (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

Reproduction of Phylloderma stenops in captivity (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae)

“…This gestation length is close to that expected for the biomass of this species (Esbérard et al, 2006). The literature reports that at least 12 species of phyllostomid showed the occurrence of a postpartum oestrus.…”

“…In species with postpartum oestrus the interval between births is frequently equal or slightly longer than the gestation period. The interval between two consecutive births observed in this species is longer Taft and Handley, 1991;Ortega and Castro-Arellano, 2001) and shorter than that observed in the hematophagus bats Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810), Diphylla ecaudata Spix, 1823 (365 days for both, Delpietro and Russo, 2002) and in the carnivore bat Chrotopterus auritus (Peters, 1856) (369-770 days, Esbérard et al, 2006). Phylloderma stenops presented sexual maturity at 241 days of age in captive conditions which falls under 12 months of age as it has also been described for D. rotundus (285 days, Delpietro and Russo, 2002), but the birth of the first litter was observed more than 12 months from the birthday of the mother.…”

“…The average weight of P. stenops neonate (21.4% of the mother's weight) is comparable with the weights reported for captive Phyllostomus hastatus neonates (20.5%). Neonates of Phyllostomid bats present average weights ranging from 18.6 to 32.5% of the maternal weight in captivity (Kurta and Kunz, 1987;Badwaik and Raisweiler, 2000;Kunz and Hood, 2000;Esbérard et al, 2006).…”

“…Barnard, 1995). Up to date only a few species of bats have been bred in captivity (Barnard, 1995;McCracken and Wilkinson, 2000;Esbérard et al, 2006). Captive conditions facilitate observations of the reproductive biology of a species which are difficult to observe and document in the wild.…”

Reproduction of Artibeus lituratus and Sturnira lilium (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in a Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragment in southern Brazil

“…Bats are mammals that exhibit great variation in reproductive strategies, such as changes in gestation time, number of pregnancies per year, presence or absence of postpartum estrus and presence or absence of reproductive synchrony (Tamsitt & Valdivieso, 1963;Fleming et al, 1972;Happold & Happold, 1990;Esbérard et al, 2006;Godoy et al, 2014). Thus, four main reproductive strategies are recognized for bats in the Neotropical Region (Fleming et al, 1972): seasonal monoestry (1), with only one pregnancy per year in a given season (Zortéa, 2003); seasonal polyestry (2), with two annual pregnancies and frequency presenting two peaks in a rapid succession (Bernard, 2002); extensive reproductive period followed by a short period of inactivity (3), with more than one progeny per year in different pregnancies (Willig, 1985); and continuous or non-seasonal polyestry (4), with pregnancy in different months over a year and reproduction all year round (Trajano, 1984).…”