Plastic pollution is an international environmental problem.
Desire
to act is shared from the public to policymakers, yet motivation and
approaches are diverging. Public attention is directed to reducing
plastic consumption, cleaning local environments, and engaging in
citizen science initiatives. Policymakers and regulators are working
on prevention and mitigation measures, while international, regional,
and national bodies are defining monitoring recommendations. Research
activities are focused on validating approaches to address goals and
comparing methods. Policy and regulation are eager to act on plastic
pollution, often asking questions researchers cannot answer with available
methods. The purpose of monitoring will define which method is implemented.
A clear and open dialogue between all actors is essential to facilitate
communication on what is feasible with current methods, further research,
and development needs. For example, some methods can already be used
for international monitoring, yet limitations including target plastic
types and sizes, sampling strategy, available infrastructure and analytical
capacity, and harmonization of generated data remain. Time and resources
to advance scientific understanding must be balanced against the need
to answer pressing policy issues.