Reproducibility aspects in specific migration measurements: A collaborative study

Haesen, G.; Goff, B. Le; Karcher, W.

doi:10.1080/02652038409385823

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The most striking feature of the results was th a t in all cases the average measured concentration was substantially below the actual (i.e. nominal) concentration by amounts between 10 % and 50 % ; this feature, clear from table 1 of Haesen et al (1984), was not commented on. From the point of view of imm concern, there was, additionally, considerable scatter in the results w ith standard deviations ranging from 11-16% for D H BP in HB307 to greater th an 70% for Irganox 1010 in HB307.…”

Section: Some Types Of Mathematical Model (A)deterministic or Stochastic?mentioning

confidence: 84%

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Migration from plastic packages into their contents. I. The role of mathematical models

Wan

Chatwin

Katan³

1995

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A

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Materials contained in plastic packages can transfer (migrate) into the contents. In some circumstances, such as packages of food, drink or medicine, the consequences of this migration can be unpleasant or even harmful. Many countries, and the European Community, have adopted legal regulations designed to limit the amount of migration. It is shown, partly by discussing one example in some detail, that certain quantitative criteria in such regulations are unsatisfactory. The reasons include ( a ) improper recognition of the importance of package geometry, ( b ) invalid assumptions about a correspondence between concentrations in the contents and mass transfer per unit area of the package-contents interface and ( c ) failure to account, in an adequate manner, for the inevitable variability between nominally identical package systems. The principal theme of the paper is that these faults could have been, and can be, substantially ameliorated by proper use of mathematical models. Common shortcomings in the previous (but very limited) use of mathematics are exposed partly by detailed examination of a recent research paper. The paper discusses the requirements of a successful model and considers the simplest type, namely diffusion equations with diffusion coefficients that are independent of the concentrations of the migrant in either the plastic or the contents. Particular solutions are chosen to illustrate faults in existing legislation and practice, and because they are thought to be good candidates for testing against data. It is argued that future experiments would be more successful and more useful if they were planned and conducted in teams involving mathematicians.

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Section: Some Types Of Mathematical Model (A)deterministic or Stochastic?mentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The most substantial study of variability was organized by the EC Jo in t Research Centre a t P etten in the Netherlands and is reported by Haesen al. (1984).…”

Section: Some Types Of Mathematical Model (A)deterministic or Stochastic?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration from plastic packages into their contents. I. The role of mathematical models

Wan

Chatwin

Katan³

1995

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A

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The role of mathematics and physics in migration predictions

Chatwin

Katan²

1989

Packag Technol Sci

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14 Field View Drive, Little Totham, Essex CM9 8ND, UK Whilst one or t w o mathematical formulae have appeared frequently in papers on migration, little use has yet been made of them in analysing data, or in writing legislation on food contact materials and articles. In this short review, it is argued that mathematics and physics have far greater potential than has so far been realized in such roles, and certain basic principles that are crucial for effective use of these disciplines i n migration research are discussed. The first of these is the great importance of the geometry, i.e. shape and size, of the food-container system; most (if not all) commonly used formulae have serious shortcomings because they apply only t o one-dimensional geometries, which are not met i n practice. The second is that resutts must be plotted in non-dimensional form if underlying unity of behaviour is t o be detected -and the search for such unity is one of the main aims of mathematics. Finally, the paper discusses some causes of the large variability that is observed in practice between the results of nominally identical tests, and concludes that statistical methods should have far greater prominence than hitherto in all stages of migration research, and the drafting of legislation.

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Reproducibility aspects in specific migration measurements: A collaborative study

Cited by 2 publications

References 3 publications

Migration from plastic packages into their contents. I. The role of mathematical models

Migration from plastic packages into their contents. I. The role of mathematical models

The role of mathematics and physics in migration predictions

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