Representações Sociais de Velhice e Boa Velhice entre Idosos e Sua Rede Social

Abstract

Este artigo objetivou verificar as representações sociais acerca da velhice e da boa velhice para idosos e para pessoas de sua rede social. Participaram do estudo 40 idosos e 40 membros de sua rede social (esposos/as, filhos/as, cuidadores/as, irmãos/irmãs, vizinho, todos residentes em Florianópolis e cadastrados em Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizada uma entrevista semidiretiva, associada à técnica de entrevista episódica, além de questões para a caracterização sociodemográfica. Cada tema da entrevista foi organizado em um corpus, que foi submetido a uma Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, por meio do software IRAMUTEQ. Para os idosos, a representação social da velhice ancorou-se entre os polos da atividade versus inatividade. Já para os membros da rede social do idoso, a velhice foi compreendida a partir da oscilação entre valorização versus desvalorização. Por fim, a representação social de boa velhice englobou dimensões econômicas, familiares e comportamentais.

The social identity of older adults from the perspective of children

“…In this regard, as shown in Class 4, the children attributed the characteristic of dependence to the older adults, describing them as needing to live close to or with their families, recognizing the family as a means of support and considering such support as one of the most important factors for coping with losses due to old age 15 . It is noteworthy that frailty, exposed in Classes 4 and 2, often caused by pathological aging, implies greater needs and requires greater attention and care 16 .…”

“…The social identity of the older adult can diversify according to the group that shares it and, over time and the development of the individual, its elements can be transformed during a life cycle 15 . As the result of the subjective reality that is in constant dialogue with society, the social identity of the older adult can be maintained, modified or remodeled by social relationships 6 .…”

Approaches of psychoanalysis in the care of the elderly: an integrative review

“…The representations of old age in a social panorama bring a contrast of advances in various areas (sanitation, health, economy, politics, education) that extend life expectancy, access to goods and services, perspectives of well-being 40,41 . But these advances can create other issues of suffering, especially psychic.…”

“…representations of old age and a good old age from the view of the elderly was due to being active or not and, of the people around them, by valorization or devaluation; and for both by economic, family and behavioral dimensions 41,42 .…”

Comparison of social support network and expectation of care among elderly persons with different home arrangements

“…A study on the representation of old age shows that the family is a support for experiencing a positive old age and a space for exchanges and mutual help, where shelter, protection and the maintenance of health is found 19 . In this sense, the elderly not only feel that others are interested in them and will be available when they need them, but also receive satisfaction regarding existing relationships 8,19,20 , increased sociability and the creation of a possible influence on their physical, cognitive and psychological functionality 3,4,6 .…”