Reporting Race and Ethnicity in Population Health and Clinical Research From Japan

Saeki, Soichiro; Kusumoto, Misa

doi:10.2188/jea.je20220244

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The prevalence of osteoporosis differs from country to country [8], and our manuscript would add to the previous evidence of the Japanese population with another European population. Furthermore, recent evidence has demonstrated that there are health disparities among a variety of diseases [26][27][28], and this study would also concur with such research. Secondly, we were able to validate the methods with two independent examiners, while the analysis by Ishikawa et al [12] was conducted by only one personnel member.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Utilizing Graphical Analysis of Chest Radiographs for Primary Screening of Osteoporosis

et al. 2022

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Background and Objectives: Osteoporosis is a major risk of fractures, harming patients’ quality of life. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which can detect osteoporosis early, is too expensive to be conducted on a regular basis. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate a screening method using chest radiographs developed in Japan applied to another population. Materials and Methods: Fifty-five patients who had a chest radiograph and DXA and applied within three months of each test were recruited from the patient database of Semmelweis University (Budapest, Hungary). Graphical analysis of the chest radiographs was conducted to identify the ratio of the cortical bone in the clavicle of each patient. Two researchers performed the analysis, and multiple regression was conducted to determine the bone mineral density of each patient provided by DXA. Results: The Pearson correlation between two examiners’ determinations of the cortical bone ratio was 0.769 (p < 0.001). The multiple regression model proved to be statistically significant in identifying osteoporosis, but the model adopted for the Hungarian population was different compared to the Japanese population. Conclusions: This simple, economic Japanese graphical analysis method for chest radiographs may be feasible in detecting osteoporosis. Further studies with a larger population of patients with greater variety of ethnicity would be of value in improving the accuracy of this model.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Utilizing Graphical Analysis of Chest Radiographs for Primary Screening of Osteoporosis

et al. 2022

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“…Although the current residence of the participants is Japan, we have not been able to obtain information on the past residential history of the patients. Furthermore, although this may be di cult due to various reasons [31,32], comparative studies between other race and ethnicity residing in Japan, or Japanese living in other countries would be necessary. Such data would be of great use in the clinical setting, as this may identify the differences in the clinical features between the local, national patients, compared to the local, non-national patients and patients that are visiting from abroad for a short term [33].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the genetic influence on bone mineral density for Japanese women: a twin study

Saeki

Tomizawa

Minamitani³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose Although osteoporosis is a crucial problem in super-aged societies such as Japan, the heritability of bone mineral density in the Japanese population has not been studied to date. Methods Quantitative ultrasound was used to measure the bone area ratio (BAR, %) of 298 healthy, female Japanese twins (149 pairs, 136 monozygotic and 13 dizygotic twin pairs) registered in the Osaka University Twin Registry. Classical twin analysis was used to measure the heritability of bone mineral density. Results The heritability of bone mineral density for the group with all subjects was 0.51 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.38 – 0.63). For the group of subjects younger than 50 years, the effects of menopause were adjusted for and the best-fit model was also found to be the AE model, with a heritability estimate of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.34 – 0.72). Conclusion Japanese women appear to have a relatively lower heritability of bone mineral density compared with women from other countries. Therefore, environmental factors may play a significant role in the osteoporosis of Japanese women compared with women of other race and ethnicity.

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“…Although the current residence of the participants is Japan, we have not been able to obtain information on the past residential history of the patients. Furthermore, although this may be challenging due to various reasons, [32,33], comparative studies between other races and ethnicities residing in Japan, or Japanese living in other countries would be necessary. Such data would be of immense value in the clinical setting, as this may identify the differences in the clinical features between the local, national patients, compared to the local, non-national patients and patients that are visiting from abroad for a short term [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic influence on bone mineral density for Japanese women: a twin study

Saeki,

Tomizawa,

Minamitani

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background Osteoporosis is a major risk factor for fractures among the elderlies. Despite osteoporosis being a significant concern in super-aged societies such as Japan, the heritability of bone mineral density within the Japanese populace remains unexplored. Methods The bone area ratio (BAR, %) of 298 healthy, female Japanese twins (comprising 149 pairs, 136 monozygotic and 13 dizygotic twin pairs) registered in the Osaka University Twin Registry was measured using quantitative ultrasound. Classical twin analysis was employed to ascertain the heritability of bone mineral density. Results The heritability of bone mineral density for the entire cohort was 0.51 (95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.38–0.63). For the subset of subjects younger than 50 years, the effects of menopause were adjusted, and the best-fit model was also found to be the AE model, with a heritability estimate of 0.53 (95% CI: 0.34–0.72). Conclusions Compared to women from other countries, Japanese women appear to exhibit relatively lower heritability of bone mineral density. Consequently, environmental factors may exert a more significant influence on osteoporosis in Japanese women compared to women of other races and ethnicities.

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Reporting Race and Ethnicity in Population Health and Clinical Research From Japan

Abstract: This article has been accepted for publication and undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record.

Cited by 7 publications

References 6 publications

Utilizing Graphical Analysis of Chest Radiographs for Primary Screening of Osteoporosis

Utilizing Graphical Analysis of Chest Radiographs for Primary Screening of Osteoporosis

Estimation of the genetic influence on bone mineral density for Japanese women: a twin study

Genetic influence on bone mineral density for Japanese women: a twin study

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