Reported sexual abuse and cognitive content in the morbidly obese

A comparison of maladaptive schemata in treatment-seeking obese adults and normal-weight control subjects

“…Although the QEWP-R is a widely used instrument for the assessment of BED in obese populations [14,26,35,36], the use of selfreport questionnaires to ascertain BED diagnoses has been criticized on the grounds that, in contrast to interview-based methods, it does not permit clarification regarding an individual's responses [50,51]. Such clarification may be especially important for individuals with BED because their binge eating often occurs against a background of general overeating [52] and is not clearly terminated by engagement in compensatory behaviors such as self-induced vomiting.…”

“…For instance, although not assessing the maladaptive schemata identified by Young et al, one study found evidence of negative core beliefs (e.g., beliefs regarding one's sense of unworthiness) among obese women, particularly those with BED (as diagnosed via self-report) [25]. Another study found that certain maladaptive schemata were elevated among obese patients with a history of childhood sexual abuse as compared with those without [26]. Unfortunately, neither of these studies included a normal-weight control group to determine whether such negative views regarding the self are elevated among obese individuals.…”

Early maladaptive schemas in children: Development and validation of the schema inventory for children

“…EMSs in adults were related to personality disorders (cf., Ball & Cecero, 2001;Petrocelli, Glaser, Calhoun, & Campbell, 2001), and to a variety of psychiatric symptoms (cf., Pinto-Gouveia, Castilho, Galhardo, & Cunha, 2006;Welburn et al, 2002). In several retrospective studies among adults EMSs correlated highly with perceived parental malpractices (Crawford & O'Dougherty Wright, 2007;Cukor & McGinn, 2006;van Hanswijck de Jonge, Waller, Fiennes, Rashid, & Lacey, 2003;Harris & Curtin, 2002;Hartt & Waller, 2002;Messman-Moore & Coates, 2007;Shah & Waller, 2000;Wright, Crawford, & Del Castillo, 2009).…”

Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Obesity

“…Six studies incorporated several types of child abuse and neglect in the assessment of past child maltreatment. The data were captured in self-report instruments specifically designed to assess for child maltreatment: the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), 12-15 the Child Abuse and Trauma Scale (CATS), 16 and the ACE Study Questionnaire. 17 The CTQ investigates five types of child maltreatment: emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect.…”

“…12-15,17,23 BMI categories were described in only two studies: obese (BMI Ն 30) versus severely obese (BMI Ն 40) 17 and obese (BMI Ն 30) versus morbidly obese (BMI Ն 35). 20 Three studies relied solely on self-reported weight, 15,20,23 two used a combination of objective and self-reported weight measurement at different time points, 16,22 and two used measurement of weight and height to calculate BMI. 17,21 There was no specific description of how height and weight was obtained for BMI calculation in three studies, but investigators did report the preoperative mean BMI for patients seeking bariatric surgery.…”