Report of the ACBS Task Force on the strategies and tactics of contextual behavioral science research

Hayes, Steven C.; Merwin, Rhonda M.; McHugh, Louise; Sandoz, Emily K.; A-Tjak, Jacqueline; Ruiz, Francisco J.; Barnes‐Holmes, Dermot; Bricker, Jonathan B.; Ciarrochi, Joseph; Dixon, Mark R.; Fung, Kenneth; Gloster, Andrew T.; Gobin, Robyn L.; Gould, Evelyn R.; Hofmann, Stefan G.; Kasujja, Rosco; Karekla, Maria; Luciano, Carmen; McCracken, Lance M.

doi:10.1016/j.jcbs.2021.03.007

Cited by 84 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…70 85 86 Particularly for research related to psychological flexibility and processes of change, a wide range of dimensions is important, including genetic, epigenetic, neurobiological, immune, and others, in part because these can be assessed with relative precision and are known to correlate with the psychological processes or interest, but also because these can help integrate behavioral science with other health related sciences. 87 Another development that is probable is increasing use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA). Such methods are more direct in time and situation, can obtain finer grained data that show patterns over time, can be sensitive to context, and avoid biases, such as recall bias, that plague conventional self-report measures.…”

Section: Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assessment of processes of interest is likely to include physiological variables or biomarkers as a supplement to self-report 708586. Particularly for research related to psychological flexibility and processes of change, a wide range of dimensions is important, including genetic, epigenetic, neurobiological, immune, and others, in part because these can be assessed with relative precision and are known to correlate with the psychological processes or interest, but also because these can help integrate behavioral science with other health related sciences 87…”

Section: Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New generation psychological treatments in chronic pain

McCracken

Vowles

2022

BMJ

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Chronic pain conditions are common and have a considerable impact on health and wellbeing. This impact can be reduced by cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), the most commonly applied psychological approach to chronic pain. At the same time, CBT continues to develop, and now includes what is sometimes called “third wave” CBT. In this review, we examine the evidence for application of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), a principal example of this new wave or latest generation of treatment approaches, in people with chronic pain. We identified 25 randomized controlled trials of ACT for adults with chronic pain. Across the included trials, small to large effect sizes favoring ACT were reported for key outcomes including pain interference, disability, depression, and quality of life. Evidence from three studies provided some support for the cost effectiveness of ACT for chronic pain. Evidence also supported the mediating role of theoretically consistent processes of change (psychological flexibility) in relation to treatment outcomes. Investigation of moderators and predictors of outcomes was limited and inconsistent. In future, a greater focus on process based treatments is recommended. This should include continued identification of evidence based processes of change, and research methods more suited to understanding the experience and needs of individual people.

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Section: Future Developmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Guidelinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New generation psychological treatments in chronic pain

McCracken

Vowles

2022

BMJ

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“…Consistent with the aim of CBS, that is, to examine outcomes of interest at multiple levels of evidence analysis by using various methods [ 40 ], quantitative findings will be triangulated by using qualitative interviews wherein more detailed insights into each participant’s experience with the trial will be examined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of a Digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for the Improvement of Self-management Behaviors and Psychological Flexibility in Adults With Cardiac Disease: Protocol for a Single Case Experimental Design

Moran¹,

Doyle²,

Giggins³

et al. 2022

JMIR Res Protoc

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Background Research indicates that the management of distress levels in those with cardiac disease is not only important for improving quality of life and functioning but also critical for condition management; adherence to treatment; and, ultimately, disease prognosis and progression. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) has consistently demonstrated positive long-term outcomes across a wide array of conditions, including chronic illness. However, most empirical investigations conducted to date have also involved in-person therapy, which can be difficult to access, particularly for those dealing with the demands of chronic disease. Objective The objective of our research is to evaluate a digital ACT intervention for improving self-management behaviors and distress levels in those with cardiac conditions. Methods The digital ACT intervention will be delivered via a digital health self-management platform over 6 sessions. This will involve a randomized, multiple baseline, single case experimental design with approximately 3 to 15 adults with cardiac disease. The independent variable for each participant will be the pre-post intervention phase. The dependent variables will be a daily self-report measure of psychological flexibility as well as objective measures of condition self-management (eg, blood pressure readings) and engagement with the app (eg, completing guided mindfulness). One-to-one qualitative interviews will also be conducted to further examine participants’ experiences with using the intervention and what factors contribute to or impede successful outcomes. Results Participant recruitment and data collection began in October 2021, and it is projected that the study findings will be available for dissemination by spring 2022. Conclusions The findings will be discussed in terms of how a digital ACT intervention can best meet the needs of cardiac patients. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/33783

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“…Some of these may include considering the plausibility of given rules, strategically targeting motivative augmentals, and emphasizing tracking repertoires over pliance-based ones (Barnes-Holmes et al, 2001 ; Stapleton, 2020 ; Törneke et al, 2008 ). These strategies for reducing countercontrol hold promise for implementation by parents, teachers, and policy makers across diverse levels of analysis ranging from the individual to broader societal and governmental agencies (Biglan, 2015 ; Hayes, Merwin, et al, 2021b ). One can imagine how parenting, teaching, policing, and governing may be vastly improved due to reduced instances of countercontrol, counterpliance, and other coercive social interactions.…”

Section: Toward a Behavioral Science For The Betterment Of Humankind:...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Countercontrol: A Relational Frame Theory (RFT) Account and Revival of a 70-Year-Old Skinnerian Term

et al. 2022

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Countercontrol is a Skinnerian operant concept that posits that an individual’s attempts to exert control over another person’s behavior may evoke a countercontrolling response from the person being controlled that functions to avoid or escape the potentially aversive conditions generated by the controller. Despite Skinner’s historical concerns regarding the detrimental effects of countercontrol in terms of hindering optimal societal growth and cultural evolution, the concept has not been widely applied within behavior analysis. Drawing from recent developments in rule-governed behavior and relational frame theory, this article seeks to explicate countercontrol from a contemporary behavior analytic perspective and presents several modern-day societal applications. In particular, a relational frame theory account of rule-governed behavior is used as a framework to elucidate the behavioral processes by which rule-following occurs (or fails to occur) in the context of countercontrol. Implications of a renewed focus on countercontrol for understanding pressing societal issues are also discussed.

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Report of the ACBS Task Force on the strategies and tactics of contextual behavioral science research

Cited by 84 publications

References 35 publications

New generation psychological treatments in chronic pain

New generation psychological treatments in chronic pain

Efficacy of a Digital Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Intervention for the Improvement of Self-management Behaviors and Psychological Flexibility in Adults With Cardiac Disease: Protocol for a Single Case Experimental Design

Countercontrol: A Relational Frame Theory (RFT) Account and Revival of a 70-Year-Old Skinnerian Term

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