Reply to 'Discrete and continuous variables for measurement-device-independent quantum cryptography'

Pirandola, Stefano; Ottaviani, Carlo; Spedalieri, Gaetana; Weedbrook, Christian; Braunstein, Samuel L.; Lloyd, Seth; Gehring, Tobias; Jacobsen, Christian S.; Andersen, Ulrik L.

doi:10.1038/nphoton.2015.207

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…122,125 However, achieving the required efficiencies in a fibre-based optical network setting is more challenging, owing to the detector coupling loss and losses by fibre network interconnects and components 110 (see also ref. 126 for a different perspective). When high efficiency detectors are in place, CV MDI-QKD would require an asymmetric configuration, where Charlie needs to be located close to one of the users.…”

Section: Mdi-qkdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical challenges in quantum key distribution

Diamanti¹,

Lo²,

Qi³

et al. 2016

npj Quantum Inf

633

468

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Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises unconditional security in data communication and is currently being deployed in commercial applications. Nonetheless, before QKD can be widely adopted, it faces a number of important challenges such as secret key rate, distance, size, cost and practical security. Here, we survey those key challenges and the approaches that are currently being taken to address them. For thousands of years, human beings have been using codes to keep secrets. With the rise of the Internet and recent trends to the Internet of Things, our sensitive personal financial and health data as well as commercial and national secrets are routinely being transmitted through the Internet. In this context, communication security is of utmost importance. In conventional symmetric cryptographic algorithms, communication security relies solely on the secrecy of an encryption key. If two users, Alice and Bob, share a long random string of secret bits-the key-then they can achieve unconditional security by encrypting their message using the standard one-time-pad encryption scheme. The central question then is: how do Alice and Bob share a secure key in the first place? This is called the key distribution problem. Unfortunately, all classical methods to distribute a secure key are fundamentally insecure because in classical physics there is nothing preventing an eavesdropper, Eve, from copying the key during its transit from Alice to Bob. On the other hand, standard asymmetric or public-key cryptography solves the key distribution problem by relying on computational assumptions such as the hardness of factoring. Therefore, such schemes do not provide information-theoretic security because they are vulnerable to future advances in hardware and algorithms, including the construction of a large-scale quantum computer.

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Section: Mdi-qkdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Practical challenges in quantum key distribution

Diamanti¹,

Lo²,

Qi³

et al. 2016

npj Quantum Inf

633

468

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Note that, in the field test of MDIQKD [23], three nodes are used, but the relay node does not share any key information and cannot be seen as a user. The MDIQKD network is theoretically discussed [25,26] but has yet to be developed. When extending to a network, quantum channels in a field environment may be very difficult to stabilize.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

et al. 2016

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Quantum cryptography holds the promise to establish an information-theoretically secure global network. All field tests of metropolitan-scale quantum networks to date are based on trusted relays. The security critically relies on the accountability of the trusted relays, which will break down if the relay is dishonest or compromised. Here, we construct a measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (MDIQKD) network in a star topology over a 200-square-kilometer metropolitan area, which is secure against untrustful relays and against all detection attacks. In the field test, our system continuously runs through one week with a secure key rate 10 times larger than previous results. Our results demonstrate that the MDIQKD network, combining the best of both worlds-security and practicality, constitutes an appealing solution to secure metropolitan communications.

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“…In addition, protocols such as in Ref. [27][28][29], assuming measurementdevice-independence (MDI) [30,31] as a counter-measure against detectors' side-channel attacks, have extended the concept of CV-QKD to end-to-end network implementations [32]. For most of these protocols, not only experiments were shown [27,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], but also their security analysis has been gradually refined to incorporate finite-size effects [41][42][43] and composable aspects [44][45][46].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum key distribution with phase-encoded coherent states: Asymptotic security analysis in thermal-loss channels

et al. 2018

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We consider discrete-alphabet encoding schemes for coherent-state quantum key distribution. The sender encodes the letters of a finite-size alphabet into coherent states whose amplitudes are symmetrically distributed on a circle centered in the origin of the phase space. We study the asymptotic performance of this phase-encoded coherent-state protocol in direct and reverse reconciliation assuming both loss and thermal noise in the communication channel. In particular, we show that using just four phase-shifted coherent states is sufficient for generating secret key rates of the order of 4 × 10 −3 bits per channel use at about 15 dB loss in the presence of realistic excess noise.

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Reply to 'Discrete and continuous variables for measurement-device-independent quantum cryptography'

Cited by 44 publications

References 10 publications

Practical challenges in quantum key distribution

Practical challenges in quantum key distribution

Measurement-Device-Independent Quantum Key Distribution over Untrustful Metropolitan Network

Quantum key distribution with phase-encoded coherent states: Asymptotic security analysis in thermal-loss channels

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