Replacement value of cassava for maize in broiler chicken diets supplemented with enzymes

Abstract

Objective: Pellet durability, particle size distribution, growth response, tibia bone characteristics and energy retention were measured to evaluate cassava as an alternative energy source to replace maize in broiler diets with or without Ronozyme (A+VP) enzyme composites.Methods: A total of 480 one-day broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 8 treatments in a 4×2 factorial arrangement. Four levels of cassava: (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and 2 levels of enzymes (0 and 500 g/tonne) were used. Each treatment was replicated six times, with ten birds per replicate.Results: The particle size distribution in the diets showed an increasing trend of small particles with increase in cassava level. Pellet durability decreased (p<0.05) with cassava inclusion. Feed intake was highest in birds fed diets with medium cassava level at 1 to 24 d and 1 to 35 d of age. The body weight gain of birds reduced (p<0.037) as cassava level increased, but it increased (p<0.017 when enzymes were added. The feed conversion ratio was high (p<0.05) when cassava level was increased, but it reduced (p<0.05) when enzymes were added. The dressing percentage (DP), and weight of drumsticks reduced (p<0.05) with increasing cassava level. Enzyme supplementation increased (p<0.05) DP, and weight of breast, thighs and drumsticks. Ash content, weight, length, width, and bone strength decreased (p<0.05) when cassava level was increased, however, they were increased with enzyme addition. The contents of Ca, K, and Zn were raised (p<0.001) with increasing cassava level. Enzyme inclusion increased (p<0.001) all mineral contents in tibia bones. Body fat and energy retained as fat decreased (p<0.001) as cassava level increased. Enzyme inclusion increased (p<0.05) body protein content and energy retained as protein.Conclusion: Although broiler performance was depressed by high levels of cassava inclusion, it was not affected by low levels, which further improved by enzyme supplementation.

Meta-analysis of substitution value of maize with cassava (Manihot esculenta Cratnz) on growth performance of broiler chickens

“…In contrast, Uchegbu et al ( 4 ) found poor body weight gain in broiler chickens fed cassava fortified with palm oil. Other studies have found significantly reduced growth performance traits in broiler chickens fed cassava ( 17 , 18 ). This wide variability may be due to differences in origin, parts of the cassava plant used, age of harvested crop, diet composition, and processing methods.…”

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) dual use for food and bioenergy: A review

“…Chemical and physical processing methods (Nambisan, 2011) and genetically modified cassava varieties (Gomez et al, 2021; Siritunga & Sayre, 2004) have also shown reduced cyanide levels in cassava. The cassava peel mash can be mixed with animal feed to improve its nutrient value and was shown to effectively replace maize feed (Chang'a et al, 2020). The efforts on large‐scale conversion of cassava peels into animal feed was initiated by the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and IITA under the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas (RTB) in Nigeria (Amole et al, 2019).…”

Evaluasi Pakan Sumber Energi Berbasis Sorgum, Gaplek, dan Sagu sebagai Substitusi Jagung dalam Ransum Ayam Broiler

“…Bahan pakan lokal potensial lainnya sebagai substitusi jagung adalah singkong. Penggantian jagung dengan singkong sebesar 50% dalam pakan dapat meningkatkan kualitas karkas ayam broiler (Augustine et al 2011) dan tidak mempengaruhi performa pertumbuhan broiler (Chang'a et al 2020). Pemberian tepung singkong mampu menghasilkan performa yang sama seperti ayam broiler yang diberi jagung dalam ransum selama lima minggu (Rahmadani et al 2021).…”

“…Pada ransum berbasis gaplek menunjukkan PBB lebih rendah (p<0,01) jika dibandingkan perlakuan ransum komersial. Hasil ini mengkonfirmasi penelitian (Chang'a et al, 2020) yang menyatakan bahwa ransum berbasis gaplek dengan jumlah berlebih dari 50% sebagai pensubtitusi jagung akan menurunkan PBB harian ayam broiler, pada penelitian ini, hanya menggunakan gaplek tanpa jagung. Hasil ini sesuai juga dengan (Broch et al 2017) yang menyatakan bahwa terjadi pengurangan PBB ayam broiler ketika meningkatkan porsi singkong dalam ransum berbasis jagung.…”