Cassava (<i>Manihot esculenta</i>) dual use for food and bioenergy: A review

Fathima, Anwar Aliya; Sanitha, Mary; Tripathi, Leena; Muiruri, Kariuki Samwel

doi:10.1002/fes3.380

Cited by 42 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 365 publications

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“…For the future of agriculture and the distribution of animal protein, the rapid population growth along with the limited resources in many developing countries is a major problem [ 1 ]. Due to the cassava ( Manihot esculenta Crantz) roots’ significance as a source of carbohydrates and the leaf’s significance as a supplemental source of protein in ruminants, it is grown in tropical and subtropical regions [ 2 , 3 ]. Cassava pulp has a high moisture content, primarily due to cassava starch production, and accounts for approximately 10%–15% of the raw root weight.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava pulp added to fermented total mixed rations increased tropical sheep’s nutrient utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis

Khejornsart¹,

Meenongyai²,

Juntanam³

2022

J Adv Vet Anim Res

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Objective: The price of animal production will be affected by the significant increase in feed costs. The objective of this research was to investigate the impact of adding waste cassava pulp to fer¬mented total mixed ration (FTMR) on nutrient utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis in tropical sheep. Materials and Methods: A 3 × 3 replicated Latin square design was used to randomly arrange nine crossbreed lambs (Santa Inês × Dorper) with an initial body weight (BW) of 18.7 ± 1.6 kg (mean ± SD). During a 21-day trial, the animal was offered a random selection of concentrate diets and rice straw (control), total mixed ration (TMR), or FTMR. During the investigation, data on nutrition utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis were analyzed using analysis of variance. Results: The finding shows that FTMR had significantly higher dry matter (DM) intake and DM intake per BW than either TMR or control (p < 0.05). Lamb fed on FTMR had significantly higher DM, organic matter protein, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber digestion than those on control or TMR (p < 0.05). Rumen pH values for all treatments ranged from 6.68 to 6.73, with no significant differences. Growing lambs fed FTMR had greater rumen total volatile fatty acid and propionic acid concentrations than those given TMR and the control (p < 0.05). Protozoa were not different across the FTMR groups, although total bacterial and fungal zoospores were increased. In addition, when lambs were fed FTMR containing cassava pulp, ruminal microbial protein syn¬thesis was significantly increased. Conclusion: It could indicate that feeding growing lambs with FTMR could improve nutrient utili¬zation, ruminal fermentation, and microbial protein synthesis. However, studies on the effects of FTMR on sheep performance, meat quality, and milk quality are necessary.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cassava pulp added to fermented total mixed rations increased tropical sheep’s nutrient utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis

Khejornsart¹,

Meenongyai²,

Juntanam³

2022

J Adv Vet Anim Res

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“…Despite its importance in food and bioenergy, cassava cultivation is fraught with difficulties (abiotic and biotic stresses), resulting in decreased crop yield. Most are susceptible to pests and diseases threatening existing cultivars [ 63 , 64 ]. AS2/LOB genes are widely present in plants and are important plant-specific process regulators [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide analyses of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES in cassava reveal the role of LBD47 in defence against bacterial blight

et al. 2023

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The Arabidopsis thaliana ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2 (AS2) gene is responsible for the development of flat, symmetric, and extended leaf laminae and their veins. The AS2 gene belongs to the plant-specific AS2-LIKE/LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES (LOB)-domain (ASL/LBD), which consists of 42 proteins in Arabidopsis with a conserved amino-terminal domain known as the AS2/LOB domain, and a variable carboxyl-terminal region. AS2/LOB domain consists of an amino-terminal (N-terminal) that contains a cysteine repeat (the C-motif), a conserved glycine residue, and a leucine-zipper-like. AS2/LOB domain has been characterised in plants such as A. thaliana, Zea mays, and Oryza sativum. Nevertheless, it remains uncharacterised in cassava (Manihot esculenta). Characterisation and identification of cassava ASL/LBD genes using the computational algorithms, hidden Markov model profiles (PF03195), determined 55 ASL/LBD genes (MeASLBD1 to MeASLBD55). The gene structure and motif composition were conserved in MeASLBDs, while the expression profiles of these genes were highly diverse, implying that they are associated with diverse functions. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of target genes and promoter analysis suggest that these MeASLBDs may be involved in hormone and stress responses. Furthermore, the analysis of cis-regulatory elements in promoter regions suggested that MeASLBDs may be involved in the plant phytohormone signal response. The transcriptome data of cassava under biotic and abiotic stresses revealed that MeASLBD46 and MeASLBD47 greatly respond to disease and drought. The MeASLBD47 gene was selected for functional analysis. The result indicated that MeASLBD47 significantly mitigated the virulence of cassava bacterial blight (XamCHN11) through Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). These findings provided a comprehensive analysis of ASL/LBD genes and laid the groundwork for future research to understand ASL/LBD genes.

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“…Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is the third most important source of calorie in Africa, Asia, and Latin America (after rice and maize) ( Oliveira et al., 2014 ). Its starchy roots provide essential industrial materials and new sources of energy in addition to serving as a staple diet for millions of people in tropical and subtropical regions of the world ( Li et al., 2017 ; Fathima et al., 2022 ). Cassava breeding is primarily focused on producing storage roots that are high yielding and of superior quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…world (Li et al, 2017;Fathima et al, 2022). Cassava breeding is primarily focused on producing storage roots that are high yielding and of superior quality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing atlas of cassava tuberous root

et al. 2023

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IntroductionSingle-cell transcriptome sequencing (ScRNA-seq) has emerged as an effective method for examining cell differentiation and development. In non-model plants, it hasn't been employed very much, especially in sink organs that are abundant in secondary metabolites.ResultsIn this study, we sequenced the single-cell transcriptomes at two developmental phases of cassava tuberous roots using the technology known as 10x Genomics (S1, S2). In total, 14,566 cells were grouped into 15 different cell types, primarily based on the marker genes of model plants known to exist. In the pseudotime study, the cell differentiation trajectory was defined, and the difference in gene expression between the two stages on the pseudotime axis was compared. The differentiation process of the vascular tissue and cerebral tissue was identified by the trajectory. We discovered the rare cell type known as the casparian strip via the use of up-regulated genes and pseudotime analysis, and we explained how it differentiates from endodermis. The successful creation of a protoplast isolation technique for organs rich in starch was also described in our study.DiscussionTogether, we created the first high-resolution single-cell transcriptome atlas of cassava tuberous roots, which made significant advancements in our understanding of how these roots differentiate and develop.

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Cassava (Manihot esculenta) dual use for food and bioenergy: A review

Cited by 42 publications

References 365 publications

Cassava pulp added to fermented total mixed rations increased tropical sheep’s nutrient utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis

Cassava pulp added to fermented total mixed rations increased tropical sheep’s nutrient utilization, rumen ecology, and microbial protein synthesis

Genome-wide analyses of LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES in cassava reveal the role of LBD47 in defence against bacterial blight

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing atlas of cassava tuberous root

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