for a one-Health investigation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Enterococcus spp., isolates from humans and beef cattle along with abattoirs, manured fields, natural streams, and wastewater from both urban and cattle feedlot sources were collected over two years. Species identification of Enterococcus revealed distinct associations across the continuum. Of the 8430 isolates collected, Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus faecalis were the main species in urban wastewater (90%) and clinical human isolates (99%); Enterococcus hirae predominated in cattle (92%) and feedlot catch-basins (60%), whereas natural streams harbored environmental Enterococcus spp. Wholegenome sequencing of E. faecalis (n = 366 isolates) and E. faecium (n = 342 isolates), revealed source clustering of isolates, indicative of distinct adaptation to their respective environments. phenotypic resistance to tetracyclines and macrolides encoded by tet(M) and erm(B) respectively, was prevalent among Enterococcus spp. regardless of source. for E. faecium from cattle, resistance to β-lactams and quinolones was observed among 3% and 8% of isolates respectively, compared to 76% and 70% of human clinical isolates. clinical vancomycin-resistant E. faecium exhibited high rates of multi-drug resistance, with resistance to all β-lactam, macrolides, and quinolones tested. Differences in the AMR profiles among isolates reflected antimicrobial use practices in each sector of the One-Health continuum. Public concern for antimicrobial use (AMU) and resistance (AMR) in livestock is increasing, as is continuing pressure for industries and governments to address these concerns. Science-based and epidemiologically sound research is critical to drive policy, communication, legislation, and inform consumer choices. To effectively investigate the current state of antimicrobial resistance, holistic One Health approaches are required to determine correlation between AMU and AMR across the human-agriculture-environment continuum. The genus Enterococcus is ubiquitous in nature and member species can be found in a range of habitats including soils, sediments, freshwater, marine water, beach sand, and a variety of plants 1,2. Enterococcus spp. are also common members of the normal gastrointestinal (GI) flora of both livestock and humans 3 , with their concentrations in human and animal feces typically ranging from 10 3-10 7 cells per gram 4-6. Enterococcus spp. are also commonly isolated from water contaminated by sewage or fecal wastes, and are widely used as bacteriological

Monoclinic beta-silver vanadate (beta-AgVO(3)) nanoribbons with widths of 300-600 nm, thicknesses of ca. 40 nm, and lengths of 200-300 microm can be easily synthesized in high yield directly from a hydrothermal reaction between V(2)O(5) and AgNO(3) in a solution containing a small amount of pyridine. The results demonstrated that the formation of single-crystal AgVO(3) nanoribbons is strongly dependent on the reaction temperature, especially, the presence of pyridine and its dosage. A possible growth mechanism of single-crystal AgVO(3) nanoribbons has been proposed. Exposure of the nanoribbons to electron beam will easily result in the formation of Ag nanoparticles embedded in situ on the backbone of the nanoribbons, making the nanoribbons potentially useful as efficient catalyst support. The electrical conductivity of an individual single-crystal beta-AgVO(3) nanoribbon exhibits nonlinear and symmetric current/voltage (I-V) characteristics for bias voltages in the range of -6 to 6 V.

Single-crystalline trigonal tellurium (t-Te) nanotubes with sloping cross-section and hexagonal cross-section can be selectively synthesized on a large scale by a simple solvothermal reduction route, using tellurium dioxide (TeO 2 ) as tellurium source and ethylene glycol (EG) as both a reducing agent and a solvent in the presence of cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) and cellulose acetate (CA), respectively. The individual Te nanotubes with cylindrical morphology and open ends have outer diameters of 100-500 nm, wall thicknesses of 50-100 nm, and lengths of 150-200 µm. Both kinds of Te nanotubes grow along the [001] direction and have excellent crystallinity. The optical properties and the stability in ethanol of the t-Te nanotubes with sloping cross section have been investigated.