Repeated Episodes of Endosulfan Poisoning

Dewan, Aruna; Bhatnagar, V. N.; Mathur, M; Chakma, Tapas; Kashyap, Rekha; Sadhu, Harsiddha G; Sinha, Sankar Narayan; Saiyed, H. N.

doi:10.1081/clt-120039542

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our data demonstrated that frequent application of pesticides induced toxicity similar to that of repeated sublethal doses of pesticides, which may cause a tremendous alteration in the levels of liver enzymes [42]. It can be concluded that long-term occupational exposure to pesticides may result in cumulative leakage of enzymes as in the work of Dewan et al [44] which may resulting in severe damage of hepatic cells, hepatocytes and/or other body organs. Consequently accumulation of the enzymes in the blood serum may occur.…”

Section: Demographic and Occupational Parametersmentioning

confidence: 53%

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Nahhal¹

2016

ODEM

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The study characterized the biochemical changes associated with long term exposure to pesticides. Practical parameters of pesticides were collected using 500 questionnaires. Farmers having 10 years working period were invited to a private clinic for blood sampling and enzyme analysis. All participants were male farmers of different age groups, and education levels. Occupational parameters indicated that majority of farmers used manual methods for pesticide works. About 130 pesticides are currently used in Gaza. Toxicological symptoms indicated that dizziness, headache, and nausea were dominant among farmers, whereas vomiting abdominal colic and tearing were less dominant. Acetyl Cholinesterase (ACHE) cumulatively inhibited among farmers after work whereas Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) activities were above range after long term exposure. It can be concluded that long term exposure to pesticides may damage liver and kidney cells resulting in hepatic-toxicity and/or nephrotoxicity.

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Section: Demographic and Occupational Parametersmentioning

confidence: 53%

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Nahhal¹

2016

ODEM

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“…Furthermore, endosulfan, which is banned in many countries due to its persistence and bio-accumulative properties, was used by more than 20% of the study participants. Endosulfan together with other modern pesticides that are frequently applied in the study area are likely to induce neurotoxic as well as other toxic effects in chronically exposed humans as previously described [37][38][39]. It is well documented that the nervous system represents a key target for both acute and chronic effects of pesticides [9,20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-reported Health Effects among Short and Long-term Pesticide Sprayers in Arusha, Northern Tanzania: A cross Sectional Study

Manyilizu¹,

Mdegela²,

Kazwala³

et al. 2015

Occup Med Health Aff

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There is also circumstantial evidence on the association of exposure to pesticides with chronic diseases like respiratory problems, dermal disorders, cardiovascular disease, nephropathies, chronic fatigue syndrome and aging [1]. Since health-workers are not adequately trained to identify adverse effects of pesticides [22,23] and because of the Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to assess whether long-term exposure to pesticides is associated with adverse health effects in professional pesticide sprayers. Methods:The study was conducted in Lake Eyasi Basin and Ngarenanyuki in Arusha region, during the dry season in September-October 2013. In a cross-sectional study, 97 short-term exposed men with at most three months as professional sprayers were compared with 60 long-term exposed men with experience of at least five years as professional sprayers. The study participants were aged 18-30 years, drawn from the same source population and interviewed using semi structured questionnaire. The questions focused on spraying procedures and on present and recurrent medical history including presence of selected six known pesticide induced health conditions. Results:Organophosphates, carbamates, dithiocarbamates and pyrethroids were the most applied insecticides but also organochlorine fungicides and endosulfan were frequently applied. The majority of the sprayers reported unsafe pesticide use. Mean pesticide uses in litres, spray frequency per crop and per week were 637, and 1.3 respectively for about 270 days a year. Respiratory disease symptoms were the most frequently reported (46/157; 29.3%) followed by skin (27/157; 17.2%), and sight (24/157; 15.3%). When adjusted for age and other predictors, long-term exposed sprayers had significantly higher self-reported occurrences of peripheral neuropathy (OR=7.7, CI95%: 1.045-56.728, p=0.045) and respiratory disorders (OR=0.2, CI95%: 0.067-0.501, p=0.001) compared with short-term exposed. Furthermore, 10 sprayers, all long-term exposed reported poor libido and erection problems. Conclusions: These findings document lack of safety knowledge, safe pesticide management and the implementation of protective measures as well as suggesting that long-term exposure to pesticides increase the risk of experience disease conditions compared to short-term exposure.

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“…Bu durumun 10 gün boyunca sürdü¤ü ve endosülfan›n 23 saat boyunca serum konsantrasyonunun 0,12 mg düzeyin-de izlendi¤i belirtilmifltir (10). Dewan ve arkadafllar› Hindistan'da bir tar›m bölgesinde endosülfana kronik olarak maruz kalan birkaç ailede tekrarlayan konvülzi-yon nöbetleri oldu¤unu gözlemlemifllerdir (11). Baflka bir çal›flmada Darren ve arkadafllar›, Srilanka'da endosül-fana maruz kalan bir kiflide status epileptikus görüldü¤ü-nü belirtmifller ve bunun sebebini endosülfan'›n major inhibitör nörotransmitterler olan GABA (gama amino bütirik asid) ve Glycin'i inhibe etmesine ba¤lam›fllard›r (12).…”

Section: Tartifimaunclassified

“…Ayr›ca yap›lan birçok çal›flmada endosülfan zehirlenmesinin temel olarak k›rsal bölgelerde görüldü¤ü, ço¤un-lukla kaza sonucu daha nadir olarak da intihar amaçl› toksikasyonlara rastland›¤› belirtilmektedir (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Olgular›m›zda endosülfan›n içilen sütlerin içinde tespit edilmesi kaza ya da intihar olas›l›¤›ndan uzaklaflt›rmak-tad›r.…”

Section: Tartifimaunclassified

Endosülfan ile Kasten Zehirleme İki Olgu

Aktaş¹,

Koçak²,

Şenol³

et al. 2005

Bull Leg Med

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Endosülfan tar›m alanlar›nda yayg›n olarak kullan›lan organik klorlu bir insektisittir. ‹nsektisidler aras›nda en toksik olanlar›ndand›r. Endosülfana toksik düzeyde akut olarak maruz kal›nd›¤› zaman meydana gelen bafll›ca etkiler; gastrointestinal irritasyon, santral sinir sistemi instabilitesi, respiratuar depresyon ve kardiyovasküler sistem kollaps›d›r. Yap›lan çal›fl-malarda endosülfan›n primer etkilerinin santral sinir sistemi üzerine oldu¤u, özellikle konvülzyona bütün akut zehirlenme vakalar›nda rastland›¤› görülmüfltür.Çal›flmam›zda endosülfan›n içilen kutu sütlerin içinde tespit edilmesi orijini kaza ya da intihar olas›l›¤›ndan uzaklaflt›rmakta-d›r. Ölümün gerçekleflti¤i olgularda zehirlenmenin kaza veya intihar olas›l›klar›n›n yan› s›ra olgular›m›zda görüldü¤ü gibi cinai orijinli olabilece¤i de ak›ldan ç›kart›lmamas› gereken bir noktad›r. Çal›flmam›zda iki olgu orijin aç›s›ndan literatürdeki benzer olgulardan farkl› bulunmas› nedeniyle sunulmufltur.Anahtar kelimeler: ‹nsektisid, endosülfan, kas›tl› zehirleme. SUMMARYEndosulfan is an insecticide containing chlorine and is used especially in agricultural areas. It is one of the most toxic insecticides. When one is acutely subjected to endosulfan at a toxic level, the primary effects are gastrointestinal irritation, instability of central nervous system, respiratory depression and cardiovascular system collapse. The primary effects of endosulfan were shown to be on central nervous system according to the studies and especially in all acute poisoning cases convulsion was encounteredIn this study, detection of endosulfan in milk boxes eliminates the possibility of its origin to be either accidental or suicide. It should be kept in mind that, the origin of fatal poisoning could be homicidal suchas in this case as but not only accidental or suicidal.These cases were presented because the manner of death were of the kind rarely encountered in the literature.

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Repeated Episodes of Endosulfan Poisoning

Cited by 37 publications

References 7 publications

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Biochemical Changes Associated with Long Term Exposure to Pesticide among Farmers in the Gaza Strip

Self-reported Health Effects among Short and Long-term Pesticide Sprayers in Arusha, Northern Tanzania: A cross Sectional Study

Endosülfan ile Kasten Zehirleme İki Olgu

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