Repeatability over time of posture, radiograph positioning, and radiograph line drawing: An analysis of six control groups

Harrison, Deed E.; Harrison, Donald D.; Colloca, Christopher J.; Betz, Joseph W; Janik, Tadeusz J.; Holland, Burt

doi:10.1067/mmt.2003.15

Cited by 71 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…subjects were asked to assume a neutral lateral cervical posture by closing his/her eyes, flexing and extending their head 2-3 times, stopping where he/she thought they were looking straight ahead, the eyes were opened and the subject was asked not to move. The repeatability of this positioning procedure has been studied and found to be reliable (Harrison et al, 2003).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do sagittal plane anatomical variations (angulation) of the cervical facets and C2 odontoid affect the geometrical configuration of the cervical lordosis?

Harrison¹,

Harrison

Haas

et al. 2005

Clinical Anatomy

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Anthropometric and statistical evaluation of measurements from digitization of 252 lateral cervical radiographs were used to investigate any correlation between radiographic measurements of cervical lordosis with sagittal plane facet angulation, articular pillar height, and inclination of the C2 odontoid with respect to the body of C2. Some researchers have hypothesized that facet and odontoid architecture variations can cause a reduction in cervical lordosis. To evaluate this hypothesis, the posterior aspect of the C2 dens, vertebral body corners, and superior and inferior facet surfaces of C2-C7 were digitized on 252 lateral cervical X-rays to calculate global angle, segmental angles, dens angle, facet angles, and facet height. No correlation between facet angle, articular pillar height, and cervical curve was found. Similarly, no correlation between the sagittal angle of the dens and any angle of cervical curvature was identified. There was correlation between the global ARA C2-C7 angle and the Cobb angles at C1-C7 (r = 0.71) and C2-C7 (r = 0.82). There was correlation between the global inclination of the atlas vertebral angle (APL) and the Cobb angle at C1-C7 (r = 0.66), Cobb angle at C2-C7 (r = 0.39), ARA C2-C7 (r = 0.42), and anterior translation of C2 compared to C7 (r = -0.46). Because no correlation between cervical facet and odontoid architecture and any segmental or global angle of cervical lordosis was found, conservative and surgical rehabilitative techniques aimed at the reduction of sagittal cervical deformities do not need to account for a patient's architecture of the cervical facets nor odontoid.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do sagittal plane anatomical variations (angulation) of the cervical facets and C2 odontoid affect the geometrical configuration of the cervical lordosis?

Harrison¹,

Harrison

Haas

et al. 2005

Clinical Anatomy

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“…Before exposure, subjects were asked to walk in place, nod their heads twice, and assume a comfortable resting position. This neutral resting posture has been shown to be highly repeatable [24].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

A non-randomized clinical control trial of Harrison mirror image methods for correcting trunk list (lateral translations of the thoracic cage) in patients with chronic low back pain

et al. 2004

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Spinal trunk list is a common occurrence in clinical practice, but few conservative methods of spinal rehabilitation have been reported. This study is a non-randomized clinical control trial of 63 consecutive retrospective subjects undergoing spinal rehabilitation and 23 prospective volunteer controls. All subjects presented with lateral thoracic-cage-translation posture (trunk list) and chronic low back pain. Initial and follow-up numerical pain rating scales (NRS) and AP lumbar radiographs were obtained after a mean of 11.5 weeks of care (average of 36 visits) for the treatment group and after a mean of 37.5 weeks for the control group. The radiographs were digitized and analyzed for a horizontal displacement of T12 from the second sacral tubercle, verticality of the lumbar spine at the sacral base, and any dextro/levo angle at mid-lumbar spine. Treatment subjects received the Harrison mirror image postural correction methods, which included an opposite trunk-list exercise and a new method of opposite trunk-list traction. Control subjects did not receive spinal rehabilitation therapy, but rather self-managed their back pain. For the treatment group, there were statistically significant improvements (approximately 50%) in all radiographic measurements and a decrease in pain intensity (NRS: 3.0 to 0.8). For the control group, no significant radiographic and NRS differences were found, except in trunk-list displacement of T12 to S1, worsened by 2.4 mm. Mirror image (opposite posture) postural corrective exercises and a new method of trunk-list traction resulted in 50% reduction in trunk list and were associated with nearly resolved pain intensity in this patient population. The findings warrant further study in the conservative treatment of chronic low back pain and spinal disorders.

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“…24 However, the reliability of radiograph line drawing analyses of static cervical radiographs used to quantitatively assess alignment relative to skeletal structures has been established. 25 Harrison et al (2003) 25 found that 48 of 50 measurements have differences between initial and follow-up radiographic analysis of less than 1.5°o r 2 mm when Chiropractic Biophysics radiographic procedures are used. This amount of variation may allow analysis of positional changes of radiographic images on the order of those observed to have clinical manifestations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This amount of variation may allow analysis of positional changes of radiographic images on the order of those observed to have clinical manifestations. 25 In the present study, tracings of moulds from the atlas and matching condyle (method 3) are used to access misalignment. Ten of the 12 (83%) joints measured had overlap N2 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface area congruence of atlas superior articulating facets and occipital condyles

Briggs

Hart

Navis

et al. 2008

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine

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Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the surface areas of 12 atlanto-occipital joints from 6 cadavers to determine how well their ipsilateral and contralateral surface areas matched. Methods: Three methods were used. Method 1 consisted of digitized photographs downloaded to the Able Image Analyser software program (Ljubljana, Slovenia; http://able. mulabs.com). The perimeters were measured and expressed as square millimeters. Method 2 consisted of a point count method using moulds of the joint surfaces produced by pressing aluminum paper, leaving a clear imprint for analysis. Method 3 consisted of drawing outlines of the molds from method 2 onto transparencies and assessing overlap. Results: Method 1 showed a moderate correlation of matched articular surfaces between the left C1 superior articulating surface and the left condyle (r = 0.573, P = .01). Method 2 showed moderate correlations between all surface areas that were analyzed. The matched pairs compared were left C1 superior articulating surface and left condyle (r = 0.588, P = .01) and right C1 and right condyle (r = 0.730, P = .001). The contralateral surfaces correlated were left C1 and right C1 (r = 0.596, P = .009) and right condyle and left condyle (r = 0.769, P = .000). Method 3 showed no statistically significant differences between surface areas. Conclusions: All 3 methods revealed that the articular surfaces of the atlas and corresponding or contralateral condyle for specimens used in this study were not an exact match.

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Repeatability over time of posture, radiograph positioning, and radiograph line drawing: An analysis of six control groups

Cited by 71 publications

References 34 publications

Do sagittal plane anatomical variations (angulation) of the cervical facets and C2 odontoid affect the geometrical configuration of the cervical lordosis?

Do sagittal plane anatomical variations (angulation) of the cervical facets and C2 odontoid affect the geometrical configuration of the cervical lordosis?

A non-randomized clinical control trial of Harrison mirror image methods for correcting trunk list (lateral translations of the thoracic cage) in patients with chronic low back pain

Surface area congruence of atlas superior articulating facets and occipital condyles

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