Moss-inhabiting rotifers were studied in 2 raised bogs, 2 poor fens (i.e. intermediate between raised bogs and typical fens), 1 typical fen, and 1 base-rich fen, located in the Polesie National Park (eastern Poland). Moss samples were collected from April till November 2007 in monthly intervals. In total, 42 taxa of Monogononta and 26 of Bdelloidea were found. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) detected highly significant differences between the habitats in conductivity (F = 37.19, P < 0.001), total organic content (F = 9.34, P < 0.001), total P (F = 51.71, P < 0.001), and nitrate N (F = 48.98, P < 0.001). The mean density of rotifers was the highest in a bog dominated by Sphagnum angustifolium JENSEN (Durne Bagno), and the lowest in the base-rich fen (Bubnów). In all the studied habitats, the Bdelloidea were the most abundant, accounting for 56 to 85% of the total rotifer density. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), made for selected physicochemical parameters and taxa, confirms strong relationships between abiotic conditions and selected rotifer taxa: Habrotrocha angusticolis, Dicranophorus capucinus, Ke ratella serrulata, and Lepadella elliptica.
IntroductionPeatlands are systems composed of peat deposits and the specific vegetation that covers them (RADWAN, 2002). Various types of peatlands are distinguished depending on hydrological conditions, pH, nutrient concentrations, as well as vegetation type (BRINGHAM et al., 1996). Those habitats are characterized by continuous changes in environmental conditions, such as pH, temperature, and oxygen content (RADWAN, 1974). Low pH, concentrations of nutrients, and temperature, as well as oxygen deficits, make the environment of Sphagnum mats extremely unfavourable for many organisms ( VAN BREEMAN, 1995). In spite of the harsh environmental conditions in bogs and peatland ecosystems, rotifers are able to live in them. Several authors believe that low values of pH (below 5) greatly limit the distribution and abundance of many rotifer species (RADWAN, 1984;BERZINS and PEJLER, 1987). However, a large number of rotifer species show a broad range of pH tolerance and some bdelloid species are tolerant to a very broad pH spectrum (BERZINS and PEJLER, 1987). Another factor that limits the distribution of organisms in peatlands is the availability of water (MITCHELL et al., 2003). However, Sphagnum mats are able to store large amounts of water, so they create favourable living conditions for rotifers (BŁĘDZKI and ELLISON, 2003). Rotifers are most abundant in moss (SAYRE and BRUNSON, 1971), and that is why they are an excellent tool for epiphyton research in peatland ecosystems.There are many publications on rotifer diversity in lakes, ponds, artificial water bodies, and running waters, but few studies on rotifers in other aquatic habitats (FONTANETO et al., 2005). Particularly little is known about moss-dwelling rotifers in peatlands (BŁĘDZKI and ELLISON, 2003;BATEMAN and DAVIS, 1980). Many more studies have concerned aquatic habitats closely related to peatlands, i.e....