Reparative Processes in Heart Muscle Following Myocardial Infarction

Rj, Bing

doi:10.1159/000169375

Cited by 12 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Stem cells have emerged as a promising strategy for cardiac replacement or repair after acute MI [7]. From a historical perspective, a brief insightful review article titled-"Reparative Processes in Heart Muscle Following Myocardial Infarction" authored by RJ Bing in 1971 described the appearance of round cells in the border-zone of acute MI after the surge of acute inflammatory cells but stopped short of explaining or characterizing these cells [8]. Murry et al [9] sought to redirect heart to form skeletal muscle instead of scar by transferring the myogenic determination gene, MyoD, into cardiac granulation tissue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Selection of Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction

Sharma¹,

Kharel²

2012

J Stem Cell Res Ther

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Despite state-of-the-art methods for the early diagnosis and treatment, heart failure resulting from myocardial infarction (MI) continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most of the existing treatment modalities against heart failure are symptom-based, short-term and do not prolong survival. Stem cell-based therapy is promising strategy to lead to cardiac repair after MI. Over the last decade, stem cells with diverse origin, identity, and plasticity have been utilized for the regeneration and repair of damaged myocardium after MI, both in animal models and humans. The major challenges and dilemmas in stem cell therapy after MI included-ethical concerns and alloreactivity (with embryonic stem cells), malignant transformation and vector contamination (with inducible progenitor cells), coronary restenosis (with mobilization of bone marrow stem cells), and cardiac arrhythmias and structural heterogeneity due to non-coupling of cardiac and non-cardiac skeletal cells (with skeletal myoblasts). Therefore, as much as the progress made in the field of cardiac regenerative therapy, questions have been asked on what constitutes the most appropriate source for the stem cells. In particular, the identity, characteristics and ability of the stem cells to retain their fate while being propagated ex vivo have invited a passionate discussion among cell-biologists, geneticists and clinicians. This review summarizes the diverse origin of the stem cells and discusses recent advances made for the identification, selection and propagation of stem cells for the regeneration or repair of damaged myocardium after MI.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and Selection of Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction

Sharma¹,

Kharel²

2012

J Stem Cell Res Ther

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Response of the adult newt ventricle to injury

1974

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A study was made of the response of adult newt ventricle to injury. The major events in the repair process after wounding involve blood clot formation, coagulation necrosis, macrophagic activity, regenerative activity of heart muscle, and connective tissue formation. Light microscopic autoradiography indicated that there was a definite area of labeled cells in trabeculae adjacent to the wound, beginning at about ten days after injury. Electron microscopic autoradiography confirmed that myocytes containing myofibrillae underwent DNA synthesis. It was concluded that adult newt myocardium is capable of reacting to injury by the proliferation of myocytes at the wound area as indicated by both DNA synthesis and mitosis.

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Repair and reorganization of minced cardiac muscle in the adult newt (Notophthalmus viridescens)

Bader

Oberpriller

1978

Journal of Morphology

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Studies of the response of adult mammalian and amphibian ventricle t o injury have indicated the formation of a connective tissue scar in the place of the wounded or amputated muscle. I t has been demonstrated that amphibian myocytes adjacent to a wound surface, unlike mammalian myocytes, have a proliferative capacity. In the present study, a minced cardiac muscle graft was placed into the adult newt ventricle in order to increase the number of myocytes near a wound surface. With such a n increased number of reactive myocytes, it was thought a new wall consisting primarily of muscle might be formed. Onesixteenth to one-eighth of the ventricular apex was removed, minced and returned to the amputation surface of the ventricle. General histological and autoradiographic studies were conducted on two sham-operated animals and on five experimental animals which were killed at 5, 10, 20,30,50 and 70 days after surgery. Major events of the repair and reorganization of minced cardiac muscle included blood clot formation followed by necrosis of the blood clot and much of the muscle graft. By ten days, an apparent coalescence of muscle fragments and continuity of ventricular and graft lumina were observed, although the graft area never formed a n integrated unit with the wounded ventricular wall. The peak of mitotic activity (3.19%) and thymidine labeling (28.1%) of graft cells, including many cells which resembled cardiac myocytes, was observed at 20 days. At 30 days, the graft was observed a s a continuous wall composed primarily of muscle fibers. Several 30-, 50-and 70-day grafts had rhythmic contractions. These results suggest that amphibian cardiac muscle has histogenetic and proliferative capacities not attributable to mammalian cardiac muscle.The response to adult amphibian and mammalian cardiac muscle to injury has been reviewed by several investigators (Bing, '71; Polezhaev, '72; Rumyantsev, '73; Zak, '74). Two important aspects of this response are the formation of a connective tissue scar in the place of the injured muscle and the proliferation of new cells within the injured area Oberpriller and Oberpriller ('74) reported that 30 days after amputation of one-eighth of the adult newt ventricle, a connective tissue scar spanned the injured area of the ventricle. Only scattered myocytes were observed throughout the connective tissue scar. Scar tissue formation has been reported for the injured mammalian ventricular myocardium but few, if any, myocytes reside within the scar tissue. Though little DNA synthetic activity has been observed in injured mammalian ventricular myocytes (Bing, '71; Zak, '74), DNA synthesis in amphibian ventricular myocytes adjacent to the injury has been observed. Rumyantsev ('66) reported that in injured frog ventricle up to 17% of the cells in the area adjacent to the injury underwent DNA synthesis after a single injection of tritiated thymidine. Oberpriller and Oberpriller ('74) reported that in the injured newt ventricle, approximately 10% of the cells in a n area adjacent to i...

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Reparative Processes in Heart Muscle Following Myocardial Infarction

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Origin and Selection of Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction

Origin and Selection of Stem Cells for Cardiac Repair after Myocardial Infarction

Response of the adult newt ventricle to injury

Repair and reorganization of minced cardiac muscle in the adult newt (Notophthalmus viridescens)

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