Repair of Chondral Defects With Allogenous Chondrocyte‐Seeded Hyaluronan/Collagen II Microspheres in a Rabbit Model

Abstract

Using a recently established method to prepare hyaluronan/collagen II (HA/Col II) microspheres for a novel biomaterial to couple with living cells/tissues, this animal model study evaluated the effects on a 4-week healing process of chondral defects by the implantation of allogenous chondrocyte-seeded HA/Col II microspheres that had been cultured in vitro for 7 days prior to implantation compared with unseeded HA/Col II microspheres or an untreated wound. Four weeks postsurgery, the untreated group's defect was filled with translucent soft tissue. At the same time, the edges and demarcation lines of the healing defects that were implanted with either HA/Col II microspheres or chondrocyte-seeded HA/Col II microspheres were infused yet recognizable. Furthermore, the new tissues were well integrated into the surrounding articular cartilage. Less glycosaminoglycan (GAG) staining was observed in the defects implanted with HA/Col II microspheres, which indicated that most of the repair tissues were derived from fibrocartilage formation. Conversely, more GAG staining appeared in the defect implanted with chondrocyte-seeded HA/Col II microspheres, which demonstrated a higher level of hyaline cartilage regeneration. Due to the short healing period assigned to this study, the repaired cartilage showed limited incorporation into the surrounding host cartilage and some loose connection to the subchondral bone.

Reparation of chondral defects in rabbits by autologous and allogenous chondrocytes seeded on collagen/hyaluronan scaffold or suspended in fibrin glue

“…Based on our previous study [18], we can corroborate that the Col type I-HYA scaffolds had not any adverse effects on chondrocyte viability, morphology and phenotype during long term (2-3 months) in vitro cultivation. Moreover, Lin et al [23] found that chondrocytes seeded on Hyaluronan/Collagen II microspheres could exhibit a high activity in repairing a cartilage defect, what is in accordance with our fi ndings. On the other hand, suspension with chondrocytes can be injected with ease to the defect or target site.…”

“…Therefore, the culturing period of chondrocytes for one month was chosen in our study. Different scaffolds were used as cell or tissue carriers for cartilage tissue engineering so far [20][21][22][23]. The major advantage of collagen scaffolds, which were used in our experiment, is their tissue abundance and a highly organized structure.…”

Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering: in vitro evaluation of the effect of culture media on bone marrow stromal cells

“…Scaffold systems that avoid the use of growth factors may also lessen the burden of regulatory approval that can hasten delivery to the clinical side. These scaffolds are designed using various FDA‐approved materials such as PCL, CS, HYA, and HA that have been previously shown to initiate chondrogenesis and osteogenesis . In the present study, these materials are presented in the form of a scaffold structure with a unique morphological structure that is favorable to drive chondrogenesis and osteogenesis in vitro without the use of growth factors or bioreactors .…”

Effects of Different Concentrations of Collagenous Peptide from Fish Scales on Osteoblast Proliferation and Osteoclast Resorption

“…High concentrations of collagenous peptidesparidae (80 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml) and collagenous peptide-chanos (20 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml) inhibited the proliferation of osteoclast precursor cells significantly on days 1 to 6. On days 6 to 8, collagenous peptide-chanos had significantly better inhibition abilities of mature osteoclasts at higher concentrations (12,16,21,24,27,29). Schultz et al described collagen as osteoclast-associated receptor ligands, and collagenous peptides can induce the activity of NF-κB-dependent osteoclast genesis (25).…”