Reovirus therapy in cancer: has the orphan virus found a home?

Yap, Timothy A.; Brunetto, Andre; Pandha, Hardev; Harrington, Kevin; Bono, Johann S. de

doi:10.1517/13543780802533401

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…After promising results from phase I/II clinical trials on various cancers, Reolysin is scheduled to begin phase III clinical trials for head and neck cancer in the 4th quarter of 2009 [20]. chemotherapeutics and radiation treatments are not hindering factors in reovirus cancer therapy [22].…”

Section: Cancer Therapy Using Oncolytic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Advancements on the Significance of Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Tumor Cells

Demeke¹,

Tassew²

2016

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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The occurrence and severity of tumor, which is caused by many factors and etiological agents, become rapid and its distribution is worldwide that lead to death of many individuals. In order to avoid associated complications scientists discovered a means for the removal of tumor using oncolytic virus called virotherapy. This review is aiming to give highlight about the current advancements on the significance of oncolytic viruses in the treatment of tumor cells. Oncolytic viruses carry the promise to efficiently target cancer cells for destruction and spread throughout tumor tissue to reach distant loci without causing collateral damage to healthy tissues. Current oncolytic virotherapy strategies are based on the common molecular mechanisms of viral infection and cell transformation, like apoptotic dysregulation and cell cycle disruption. In this regards this time scientists is being done active research to improve the accessibility, safety and efficacy of oncolytic virotherapy.

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Section: Cancer Therapy Using Oncolytic Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Advancements on the Significance of Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Tumor Cells

Demeke¹,

Tassew²

2016

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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“…The viruses are able to replicate and destroy cancer cells selectively by a process termed oncolysis [115]. Secondary mechanisms related to antitumor activity, probably related to tumor-specific immunity, antiangiogenic and pro-apoptotic effects, have been described as well [116]. Whereas community-acquired reovirus infection in humans is generally mild and limited to the upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tract, reovirus has been shown to replicate specifically and be cytopathic in transformed cells possessing an activated Ras signaling pathway [117].…”

Section: Targeting the Ras Signaling Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging drugs in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

Mahalingam

Kelly

Swords

et al. 2009

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“…1 As these protein kinases are typical of cancer cells, there has been strong interest in the potential use of reovirus as an anti-tumor agent. 2–4 …”

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confidence: 99%

“…5,6 The resultant studies have shown that the virus has limited toxicity and demonstrates single agent and combinatorial efficacy by both radiological and/or biomarker evaluation. 2–4 Similarly, reoviral treatment of azoxymethane-induced colon cancer in rats much reduced the precancers and invasive cancers associated with this carcinogenic agent. 7 Combination treatment with various agents such as paclitaxel, T-regulatory cells inhibitors, interleukin-2, VEGF inhibitors, and cell cycle synchronization agents such as hydroxyurea have been shown to potentiate the anti-tumor effect of reovirus.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…15 The molecular events that follow from viral infection to increased cancer cell death are poorly understood and are important to understand given the growing interest in reovirus as an adjunct treatment for cancer. 1–4 The purpose of this paper was to dissect the molecular correlates of reovirus infection in cancer cells with a focus on the virus-induced changes that led to the death of the malignant cells.…”

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Reovirus-associated reduction of microRNA-let-7d is related to the increased apoptotic death of cancer cells in clinical samples

et al. 2012

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We analyzed the in situ molecular correlates of infection from cancer patients treated with reovirus. Melanoma, colorectal, and ovarian cancer samples from such patients showed variable infection of the cancer cells but not the intermingled benign cells. RT in situ PCR showed most cancer cells contained the viral genome with threefold less having productive viral infection as documented by either tubulin or reoviral protein co-expression. Productive infection in the cancer cells was strongly correlated with co-expression of p38 and caspase-3 as well as apoptosis-related death (P<0.001). The cancer cell apoptotic death was due to a marked viral-induced inhibition of microRNA-let-7d that, in turn, upregulated caspase-3 activity. In summary, reovirus shows a striking tropism to cancer cells in clinical samples. A rate-limiting factor of reovirus-induced cancer cell death is productive viral infection that operates via the marked reduction of microRNA-let-7d and concomitant elevated caspase-3 expression.

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Reovirus therapy in cancer: has the orphan virus found a home?

Cited by 16 publications

References 63 publications

Current Advancements on the Significance of Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Tumor Cells

Current Advancements on the Significance of Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Tumor Cells

Emerging drugs in the treatment of pancreatic cancer

Reovirus-associated reduction of microRNA-let-7d is related to the increased apoptotic death of cancer cells in clinical samples

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