Renin Release: Sites, Mechanisms, and Control

Kurtz, Armin

doi:10.1146/annurev-physiol-012110-142238

Cited by 96 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 172 publications

(178 reference statements)

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“…In adult mammals, low Na ϩ or RAS inhibition by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, such as captopril, upregulate ren mRNA and renin protein (21,80). In combination, low salinity and captopril result in juxtaglomerular cell hypertrophy and renin cell recruitment along renal arterioles (7,18,36,67). Blockade of the RAS cascade arrests the ANG II-mediated negative feedback loop regulating ren transcription and renin cell recruitment (36).…”

Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In combination, low salinity and captopril result in juxtaglomerular cell hypertrophy and renin cell recruitment along renal arterioles (7,18,36,67). Blockade of the RAS cascade arrests the ANG II-mediated negative feedback loop regulating ren transcription and renin cell recruitment (36). Responses of the ren-RFP transgene to physiological challenge were determined at the AMA by RFP analysis.…”

Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammals, decreased renal perfusion increases renin expression via putative baroceptor-mediated upregulation (20,36). In fish, hemodynamic force is required for normal organ development, including the heart (1, 25) and glomerulus (68).…”

Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vasculature of mammalian embryonic kidneys have a transient but extensive coverage of mural renin-expressing cells (17,31,32,47,63); however, their function is unclear. Adult renin-expressing cells are restricted to the juxtaglomerular apparatus and play a vital role in ion homeostasis by secreting activated renin enzyme via cytoplasmic granules (17,31,36,63). Upon physiological challenge by RAS inhibition or low Na ϩ , prearteriolar vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) reestablish their embryonic renin phenotype (67), a process dependent on Notch (61) and endothelial nitric oxide (51).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Renin expression in developing zebrafish is associated with angiogenesis and requires the Notch pathway and endothelium

Rider

Mullins

Verdon

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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Rider SA, Mullins LJ, Verdon RF, MacRae CA, Mullins JJ. Renin expression in developing zebrafish is associated with angiogenesis and requires the Notch pathway and endothelium. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 309: F531-F539, 2015. First published July 22, 2015 doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00247.2015.-Although renin is a critical regulatory enzyme of the cardiovascular system, its roles in organogenesis and the establishment of cardiovascular homeostasis remain unclear. Mammalian renin-expressing cells are widespread in embryonic kidneys but are highly restricted, specialized endocrine cells in adults. With a functional pronephros, embryonic zebrafish are ideal for delineating the developmental functions of renin-expressing cells and the mechanisms governing renin transcription. Larval zebrafish renin expression originates in the mural cells of the juxtaglomerular anterior mesenteric artery and subsequently at extrarenal sites. The role of renin was determined by assessing responses to renin-angiotensin system blockade, salinity variation, and renal perfusion ablation. Renin expression did not respond to renal flow ablation but was modulated by inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme and altered salinity. Our data in larval fish are consistent with conservation of renin's physiological functions. Using transgenic renin reporter fish, with mindbomb and cloche mutants, we show that Notch signaling and the endothelium are essential for developmental renin expression. After inhibition of angiogenesis, renin-expressing cells precede angiogenic sprouts. Arising from separate lineages, but relying on mutual interplay with endothelial cells, renin-expressing cells are among the earliest mural cells observed in larval fish, performing both endocrine and paracrine functions. renin; zebrafish; notch; endothelium; angiogenesis RENIN is the rate-limiting enzyme of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Mammalian ANG II, the effector of the RAS, is principally involved in blood pressure homeostasis by regulation of vasomotor tone and Na ϩ retention. ANG II also regulates cell proliferation and angiogenesis (12,22). Pathological activation of the RAS is associated with cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and heart failure, and is consequently a major target of therapeutic agents (11).Renin and its cognate cells are required for normal renal development (2), including angiogenesis of the renal vascular tree (59). In mice, ablation of the renin gene or renin-expressing cells leads to renal developmental abnormalities (55,71,79). The vasculature of mammalian embryonic kidneys have a transient but extensive coverage of mural renin-expressing cells (17,31,32,47,63); however, their function is unclear. Adult renin-expressing cells are restricted to the juxtaglomerular apparatus and play a vital role in ion homeostasis by secreting activated renin enzyme via cytoplasmic granules (17,31,36,63). Upon physiological challenge by RAS inhibition or low Na ϩ , prearteriolar vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) reestablish their embryonic re...

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Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Larval Fish Renin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Renin expression in developing zebrafish is associated with angiogenesis and requires the Notch pathway and endothelium

Rider

Mullins

Verdon

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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“…Prorenin is the prohormone of renin and is primarily synthesized in the renal juxtaglomerular cells. 25 In the secretory granules of juxtaglomerular cells, PCSK1 cleaves the prosegment of prorenin to yield renin. 26 Thus, PCSK1 is closely coupled to renin maturation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The obesity-related polymorphism PCSK1 rs6235 is associated with essential hypertension in the Han Chinese population

Ling

et al. 2012

Hypertens Res

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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-type 1 (PCSK1) is a prohormone convertase that has an important role in prohormone maturation including the process of prorenin to renin. We studied the association of the PCSK1 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs6235 (encoding an S690T substitution) with essential hypertension (EH), obesity and related traits in the Han Chinese population. The rs6235 SNP in the PCSK1 gene was investigated using a case-control study design, with 1034 hypertension cases and 1112 normotensive controls. In this study, the rs6235 SNP was significantly associated with hypertension (OR ¼ 1.26, 95% CI (1.10-1.46), P ¼ 0.001); the odds ratios of GC vs GG and CC vs GG were 1.30 (95% CI (1.06-1.58), P ¼ 0.010) and 1.55 (95% CI (1.12-2.13), P ¼ 0.007), respectively. In the controls, the C-allele was associated with increased systolic (P ¼ 0.010) and diastolic (P ¼ 0.010) blood pressure levels. In all of the EH patients and EH patients without a history of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAA) system-related antagonists, the C-allele was associated with increased plasma renin activity (P ¼ 0.00004 and 0.002, respectively) and aldosterone levels (P ¼ 0.018 and 0.005, respectively). The C-allele was also associated with increased body mass index (BMI) (P ¼ 0.010) in the normotensive controls. In conclusion, the PCSK1 SNP rs6235 was associated with EH and blood pressure in the Han Chinese population, and this association may be mediated by the SNP's effect on RAA levels. rs6235 was also associated with BMI in this population.

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Genome‐wide comparison of DNA methylation patterns between yak and three cattle strains and their potential association with mRNA transcription

et al. 2022

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Yak has evolved specific adaptative mechanisms to high‐altitude environment. Up to date, only a few studies reported the DNA methylation in yak. In the present study, genome‐wide DNA methylome and transcriptome profiles in lung, mammary, and biceps brachii muscle tissues were compared between yak and three cattle breeds (Tibetan cattle, Sanjiang cattle, and Holstein cattle). The association between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially methylated regions (DMRs) was analyzed, and the biological functions of DEGs potentially driven by DMRs were explored by KEGG enrichment analysis. Finally, we found that yak‐specific DMRs‐driven DEGs were mainly involved in neuromodulation, respiration, lung development, blood pressure regulation, cardiovascular protection, energy metabolism, DNA repair, and immune functions. The higher levels of the key genes associated with these functions were observed in yak than in cattle, suggesting that DNA methylation might regulate these genes. Overall, the present study contributes basic data at the DNA methylation level to further understand the physiological metabolism in yak.

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Renin Release: Sites, Mechanisms, and Control

Cited by 96 publications

References 172 publications

Renin expression in developing zebrafish is associated with angiogenesis and requires the Notch pathway and endothelium

Renin expression in developing zebrafish is associated with angiogenesis and requires the Notch pathway and endothelium

The obesity-related polymorphism PCSK1 rs6235 is associated with essential hypertension in the Han Chinese population

Genome‐wide comparison of DNA methylation patterns between yak and three cattle strains and their potential association with mRNA transcription

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