Rencontre entre mémoire et contrôle chez des jeunes et des aînés : la naissance d’une plainte ?

Abstract

The aim of this study is to explore cognitive complaint by investigating the influence of memory controlled processes (recollection) and metacognitive beliefs. Several methodological precautions were taken in order to control neuropsychological and psychopathological criteria, like anxiety, depression or objective memory trouble. The "habit paradigm" (Hay & Jacoby, 1999) was used to create a "memory slips" task, and to estimate the contributions of recollection and habit to performance. Besides, participants were asked to complete questionnaires in order to assess cognitive complaint (CDS) and metacognitive beliefs (MCQ). Results showed that neither cognitive complaint nor metacognitive beliefs differed significantly between young and older persons. However, statistical analysis did show cognitive dissociations in function of cognitive complaint. Finally, depressive affects, memory controlled processes and metacognitive beliefs about the controllability of thoughts appeared as good predictors of memory complaint. In spite of our study limitations, we discuss our results in terms of clinical implications.

Habit and recollection in healthy aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease.

“…The results of Experiment 1 show that the older adults produced more typical answers than the middle-aged adults and still more than the young participants on incongruent trials. In a life span view, these patterns of results support our hypothesis that memory slips increase proportionately to age (Guerdoux, Martin, Dressaire, Adam, & Brouillet, 2009;. The results also demonstrate that healthy aging produces decreases in recollection but does not affect estimates of habit.…”

“…In addition, Experiment 2 demonstrated an increase in memory slips in a-MCI and in early AD patients 7 . Given that a-MCI patients report greater memory complaints than healthy people, these data suggest that the habit paradigm is a purer measure of controlled processes of information retrieval from memory and may constitute a more ecological and valid approach of memory capacities (Guerdoux et al, 2009).…”

“…The memory slips task (EGM, Epreuve de Glissement de Me ´moire) was adapted from Hay and Jacoby's paradigm (1996; and inspired by the experiments of Adam et al (2005) and Guerdoux, Martin, Dressaire, Adam, and Brouillet (2009). Based on 1 Population used to build up the material was totally different from that entered in the experiments.…”

“…The memory slips task (EGM, Epreuve de Glissement de Mémoire ) was adapted from Hay and Jacoby's paradigm (1996; 1999) and inspired by the experiments of Adam et al (2005) and Guerdoux, Martin, Dressaire, Adam, and Brouillet (2009). Based on three preexperiment, a pool of nine homophone homographs (e.g., pensée ) was selected such that their polarity did not differ with age (Pre-Experiment 1).…”

“…In healthy aging (Experiment 1), we expected age-related differences in memory to be restricted to a difference in recollection only (e.g., Anderson & Craik, 2006; Guerdoux & al., 2009; Hay & Jacoby, 1999; Prull, Crandell Dawes, Rosenberg, & Light, 2006). We also predicted that older adults would make more memory slips than middle-aged and still more than young adults.…”