Renal Vein Thrombosis in a Newborn With Abnormal Factor VIII Level

Abstract

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) in neonates is a rare condition of low mortality but significant morbidity due to renal impairment.We report the case of a male term newborn with left RVT and elevated serum factor VIII (FVIII).The main symptoms of the patient and the important clinical findings: prompt diagnosis of RVT was possible because the classic clinical presentation of macroscopic hematuria, thrombocytopenia, and palpable flank mass were present in this newborn infant.The main diagnoses: finally, the reason of RVT was established when the infant was 3 months of age: the increased level of FVIII was confirmed. We discuss the diagnosis, therapy, and outcome of the patient and compare with the literature.Therapeutics interventions: however, despite anticoagulant therapy the left kidney developed areas of scarring and then atrophy.Conclusions and outcomes: Prothrombotic defects should be considered in all patients with perinatal RVT. Elevated factor VIII as a reason of RVT in neonatal period is particularly rare. Given a poor renal outcome in children associated with elevated levels of factor VIII, consideration could be given to more aggressive antithrombotic therapy in such cases.

Right Renal Vein Thrombosis With Post Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome With Right Atrophic Kidney in a Neonate

“…[2] Incidence of occlusion is more for left kidney. [3,5,6] Our case was a male child with RVT on right side. Most common associated causes in decreasing order of incidence are prematurity (54%), central venous lines (17%), diabetic mother (13%), asphyxia (6%) and infections (6%) according to a study conducted in 2004.…”

“…A study conducted in 2015 has shown that damage to kidney due to poor perfusion resulted in poor prognosis. [6]…”

Association of Coagulation Factors VIII/XI/XIII Polymorphisms With Coagulation Factor Activities and Deep Vein Thrombosis After Artificial Joints Replacement

“…16 In this study, the activities of FVIII/XI/XIII were investigated in patients with history of artificial joints replacement surgery. The activities of FVIII/XI were found higher in cases compared with controls, which suggested that increased activities of these factors would be risk factors for DVT formation.…”

Diagnóstico prenatal de trombosis venosa renal fetal

“…La trombosis venosa renal neonatal, entidad relacionada y posiblemente superpuesta, es relativamente común, con una incidencia de 2,2 por 100 000 nacidos vivos y alcanza 13 por 100 000 nacidos vivos en neonatos prematuros (3) . Factores predisponentes como deshidratación, sepsis, asfixia perinatal, policitemia y defectos congénitos de vena renal producen disminución del flujo sanguíneo renal, aumento de la viscosidad de la sangre e hipercoagulabilidad adquirida (4,5) .…”

“…Las causas de la trombosis renal siguen siendo poco claras. Su doble circulación capilar es particularmente vulnerable a la trombosis si se conjugan reducción del flujo sanguíneo renal, aumento de la viscosidad sanguínea e hipercoagulabilidad adquirida (4,6) . Esto último facilita la formación de un coágulo en las venas renales que se puede prolongar a la vena cava inferior.…”