Renal Function as Measured by the Elimination of Fluids, Salt and Nitrogen, and the Specific Gravity of the Urine

Mosenthal, Herman O.

doi:10.1001/archinte.1915.00080050042002

Cited by 37 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…To judge from comparison of Figure 1 and Figure 4-A the preliminary regime had little influence in making the results more uniform. Mosenthal's (1915Mosenthal's ( , 1918 test based on spontaneows variations in the specific gravity of the day urine and on the volume of the night urine. This is a modification of the Hedinger and Schlayer test (1914).…”

Section: Concentration Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subject is allowed to follow his own desires concerning intake of food and fluids. Restriction of diet was found by Mosenthal (1918) to be unnecessary. The test depends on the facts that, with ordinary fluid intake, even at a constant rate per hour, the hourly urine volume and specific gravity vary markedly during the day in normal subjects, and that the extent of the variation diminishes in nephritis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The Significance of Concentration and Dilution Tests in Bright's Disease

Alving¹,

Slyke²

1934

J. Clin. Invest.

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The first quantitative evidence that nephritis diminishes the ability to excrete urine of either high concentration or high dilution was apparently furnished by Koranyi (1899) and his collaborators, K6vesi and RothSchulz (1900), by means of the freezing point method. Regular application to studies of renal function, however, appears to have first begun in Volhard's (1918) clinic, where the " concentration and dilution " test has been in use since about 1908. In this test the renal function is estimated from the ability to excrete a urine of large volume and low specific gravity after drinking 1.5 liter of water (dilution test), and urine of high specific gravity after a subsequent period in which no fluid is drunk (concentration test). Modifications of these tests or their combination have been made by various authors. They have been reviewed by Pratt (1926) (with his own observations on 58 patients), by Mosenthal (1930), by Lashmet and Newburgh (1930), and with especial completeness by Volhard and Becher (1929). The simplicity of these tests, and their consequent wide application, render it desirable to define as exactly as possible the meaning of their results.In order to obtain information for this purpose we have made graphic statistical comparisons of results of concentration tests with results of the urea clearance test, the clinical significance of which has previously been established (Van Slyke, Stillman, M6ller, et al. (1930) (1930)) and one of the combined concentration and dilution test (Lundsgaard (1920)) have been used in this clinic for comparison with the blood urea clearance. In addition to our results with these tests we have charted the data of Ong (1932) and of Bruger and Mosenthal (1932). The different concentration and dilution tests, as used by the writers and the above authors, were applied as follows. Concentration testsThe concentration test of Addis and Shevky (1922). The subject abstains from fluids of all sorts from after breakfast on one day until he rises from bed on the morning of the following day. During the last 12 hours of the dry period (from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m.) the urine is collected, and the specific gravity of this specimen is measured. The Addis-Shevky test prescribes no preparatory period on a special diet.In applying this method to albuminous urines we have subtracted from the observed specific gravity a correction for the effect of the protein, in the manner described below for the Lashmet-Newburgh test. The gravities given in our charts are the corrected values. The urinometer used has been found accurate to within 0.001.Addis and Shevky have found that in normal individuals, previously on ordinary diets, the average specific gravity of urine obtained as above described was 1.032, that 95 per cent of normal subjects on ordinary diets showed values of 1.028 or above, and 100 per cent above 1.026.The concentration test of Lashmet and Newburgh (1930) 2 The subject remains in bed four days, during the first three of which he is on a special diet. The diet consists of 45 g...

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Section: Concentration Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Significance of Concentration and Dilution Tests in Bright's Disease

Alving¹,

Slyke²

1934

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…An acidosis as estimated by the carbon dioxide-combining capacity of the blood is observed at the height of the infection. 5. The blood sugar decreases and the liver glycogen is depleted in rats with a hemoglobin content of the blood of 10 per cent.…”

Section: Sl~imarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In pernicious anemia normal non-protein nitrogen values have been reported by Kahn and Barsky (3), though Gettler and Lindeman (4) found the non-protein nitrogen of the blood slightly elevated. Some impairment of the ability to concentrate nitrogen in the urine in patients with severe primary or secondary anemia was observed by Mosenthal (5).…”

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confidence: 96%

Studies on Bartonella Muris Anemia

Sandberg¹,

Perla²,

Marmorston-Gottesman³

1933

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect, if any, of Bartonella muris infection, the resulting anemia, and of the removal of the spleen itself on the protein, fat and mineral metabolism of the rat. Changes in the constituents of the blood of normal adult rats and of adult splenectomized rats at various stages of Bartonella muris anemia were studied. In instances in which significant chemical changes in the constituents of the blood were observed in the course of Bartonella muris anemia, similar determinations were made as controls on splenectomized rats of Wistar Institute non-carrier stock 1 week after the operation. Methods and Results

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“…Renal function has also been evaluated by a test which is similar in some ways to the adrenal function test (Mosenthal, 1915).…”

Section: Body Water (Deuterium Oxide Space)mentioning

confidence: 99%