Renal carcinoid and horseshoe kidney: A frequent association of two rare entities—A case report and review of the literature

Bégin, Louis R.; Laurent, Césari; Jacobson, Stephen; Aprikian, Armen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9098(199806)68:2<113::aid-jso8>3.0.co;2-9

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Four patients had a horseshoe kidney from which the renal carcinoid appeared to arise. 1 Although the majority of patients in our study were diagnosed with either local or distant metastatic disease at the time of initial diagnosis, most patients were asymptomatic and tumors were discovered incidentally on workup for other conditions. Despite the high rate of metastases, only 1 patient died of disease, whereas the remaining patients demonstrated prolonged survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Renal Carcinoid Tumor: A Clinicopathologic Study of 21 Cases

Hansel

Epstein²,

Berbescu³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Renal carcinoid tumors are exceedingly rare tumors that have been primarily documented as case reports in the literature. In this study, we report a series of 21 renal carcinoid tumors, with emphasis on histopathologic features and clinical outcomes. Patient age ranged from 27 to 78 years (average 52 y). The majority of specimens consisted of radical nephrectomies with or without associated lymph node dissection. Nine tumors were present in the left kidney and 10 were present in the right; location was not available for 2 specimens. No anatomic region of the kidney appeared to be preferentially involved. Twenty tumors were unifocal and ranged in size from 2.6 to 17 cm (average 6.4 cm), and 1 tumor presented as 2 nodules measuring 1 and 2.8 cm. Four patients had a documented history of a horseshoe kidney. Two patients had a history of renal calculi and 1 patient had a history of urothelial carcinoma 8 years prior. Presenting symptoms and clinical findings included back or flank pain (n=6/9), enlarging abdominal mass or fullness (n=2/9), hematuria (n=2/9), and anemia (n=1/9). Twelve patients had concurrent metastases at the time of initial surgery to sites including lymph nodes (n=11/12), liver (n=5/12), bone (n=1/12), and lung (n=1/12). One additional patient developed subsequent metastases to the liver within 6 months of surgery. Examination of the specimens identified carcinoid tumor with a variety of patterns including tightly packed cords and trabeculae with minimal stroma (n=17/21), trabecular growth with prominent stroma (n=4/21), focal solid nests (n=4/21), focal glandlike lumina (n=4/21). The border between tumor and normal kidney was sharply defined in most cases (n=16/21), although focal infiltration was noted in 5/21 cases. Extracapsular extension was documented in 11/21 (52%) cases. Calcifications were present in 5/21 cases. Mitotic activity, measured as mitoses per 10 high-power fields, ranged from 0 to 2 in most cases, with 1 case demonstrating up to 4 mitotic figures per single high-power field. Necrosis was absent in all cases. Immunostains were frequently positive for synaptophysin (n=18/20), chromogranin (n=13/20), Cam5.2 (n=14/16), and vimentin (n=12/15). CK7 was focally positive in a small subset of cases (n=3/18) and CK20 was positive in 1 case. TTF-1 and WT-1 were negative in all cases examined. Clinical follow-up was available on 15 patients and ranged from 3 months to 11 years. One patient died of disease at 8 months after surgery and 1 patient died without disease at 11 years after surgery. Of the remaining patients, 7 patients were alive without disease and 6 patients were alive with disease. Additional metastases developed in 4 patients and included metastases to the liver and bone.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…1,2,7,8,[10][11][12][13]15,19,23 Rare cases have also been identified as arising in the background of a renal teratoma or teratoid malformation, 8,11,25 and also in the setting of polycystic kidney disease. 18 Molecular analysis has only been performed on a limited number of these cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Renal Carcinoid Tumor: A Clinicopathologic Study of 21 Cases

Hansel

Epstein²,

Berbescu³

et al. 2007

American Journal of Surgical Pathology

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of the 35 cases reported in the medical literature, 8 have arisen in horseshoe kidneys and 3 associated with renal teratomas. It has been suggested that these tumors arise from foci of hyperplastic neuroendocrine cells found in aberrant epithelium of the horseshoe kidney, which may represent intrarenal intestinal metaplasia or teratomatous degeneration of the renal parenchyma, making this pathogenetically equivalent to carcinoid tumors arising in renal teratomas [2,3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary Renal Carcinoid Tumor

Daneshmand

Chandrasoma

Wilson

2004

The Scientific World JOURNAL

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary carcinoid tumors originating in a normal kidney are exceptionally rare. We describe a case of a 52-year-old woman who presented with vague back pain and was found to have a 4-cm mass in the medial aspect of the left kidney. Radical nephrectomy and retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy were performed. Histopathology revealed a typical carcinoid tumor with 1 out of 17 lymph nodes involved. She has no evidence of recurrence or metastasis on 7-month follow-up. KEYWORDS: kidney, carcinoid, renal DOMAIN: urology CASE PRESENTATIONA 52-year-old woman presented to her primary medical doctor with a 3-year history of lower back pain and right-sided posterior rib pain. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis revealed a 4-cm focally calcified mass arising from the medial aspect of the left kidney. The chest X-ray was normal. The patient was referred to urology for evaluation of a presumed left-sided renal cell carcinoma. There was no elevation of serum or urine catecholamines. She underwent a left radical nephrectomy with a retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Grossly, there was a well-circumscribed, homogenously yellow mass measuring 3.2 cm in its greatest diameter projecting into the renal hilum (Fig. 1). The adrenal gland was normal. Histopathological sections of the mass showed a typical carcinoid tumor consisting of nests of small uniform cells with scanty cytoplasm and round nuclei that showed finely granular chromatin distribution (Fig. 2). Vascular invasion was identified, as was invasion into the renal capsule and perirenal fat; no invasion of Gerota's fascia was seen. One out of 17 lymph nodes showed metastatic carcinoid tumor. Immunoperoxidase staining showed positivity for cytokeratin and synaptophysin, confirming the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor. The postoperative course was uneventful. Seven months after surgery, her serum 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid levels (5-HIAA) were normal and indium-111 octeotride scintigraphy was negative. She has no evidence of recurrence on CT or bone scan done at 6 months postoperatively.

show abstract

“…5 Primary well-differentiated NE carcinomas (carcinoids) of the kidney are also rare tumors, with less than 40 well-documented cases reported in the literature. 4,10 They may present clinically with gross hematuria or as a mass lesion detected by abdominal CT scan. An associated carcinoid syndrome is uncommon, 11 and there is 1 reported case in which the tumor produced glucagon.…”

Section: Case 1: Well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Of the mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14 There is an interesting, and as yet unexplained, association of renal carcinoids with horseshoe kidneys. 10,15,16 In their review of the literature, McVey and associates 13 demonstrated that carcinoids were 60 -80 times more likely to develop in horseshoe kidneys than in normally developed kidneys. The prognosis is difficult to predict, and some patients with metastatic disease may have a prolonged clinical course.…”

Section: Case 1: Well-differentiated Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Of the mentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of Diverse Sites

Osamura¹,

Inomoto²,

Kajiwara³

et al. 2006

Pathology Case Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neuroendocrine (NE) carcinomas may originate in a wide variety of tissues and organs, including those that do not normally contain NE cells. These tumors may occur in pure forms or in association with conventional adenocarcinomas or squamous cell carcinomas, and they may also be associated with the paraneoplastic production of adrenocorticotropin, antidiuretic hormone, or other hormones. The 6 cases presented in this paper highlight the morphologic and functional characteristics of well-and poorly differentiated NE carcinomas arising in the kidney, thymus, prostate, esophagus, cervix, and skin. Recognition of NE carcinomas in these sites is critical both for therapeutic and for prognostic purposes.

show abstract

Renal carcinoid and horseshoe kidney: A frequent association of two rare entities—A case report and review of the literature

Cited by 59 publications

References 32 publications

Renal Carcinoid Tumor: A Clinicopathologic Study of 21 Cases

Renal Carcinoid Tumor: A Clinicopathologic Study of 21 Cases

Primary Renal Carcinoid Tumor

Neuroendocrine Carcinomas of Diverse Sites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About