Removal of reactive gases at indoor surfaces: Combining mass transport and surface kinetics

Cano-Ruiz, J.; Kong, Dequan; Balas, R.B; Nazaroff, William W.

doi:10.1016/0960-1686(93)90276-5

Cited by 153 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

140

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The loss of O 3 from the room is, in principle, a complicated process because of the presence of multiple surfaces with varying degree of reactivity toward O 3 (including the body of the air purifier itself), complicated pattern of air mixing in the room, and coupling between airtransport and surface kinetics. 53 However, in the present measurements in closed, well-mixed indoor environments, the observed O 3 decay could be described as a first-order process to an excellent degree of approximation (i.e., there were no apparent deviations from the first-order kinetics within the measurement uncertainties):…”

Section: Kinetic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Quantification of Ozone Levels in Indoor Environments Generated by Ionization and Ozonolysis Air Purifiers

Britigan

Alshawa

Nizkorodov

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Indoor air purifiers are advertised as safe household products for health-conscious individuals, especially for those suffering from allergies and asthma. However, certain air purifiers produce ozone (O 3 ) during operation, either intentionally or as a byproduct of air ionization. This is a serious concern, because O 3 is a criteria air pollutant regulated by health-related federal and state standards. Several types of air purifiers were tested for their ability to produce ozone in various indoor environments at 40 -50% relative humidity, including office rooms, bathrooms, bedrooms, and cars. O 3 levels generated by personal wearable air purifiers were also tested. In many cases, O 3 concentrations were well in excess of public and/or industrial safety levels established by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, California Air Resources Board, and Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Simple kinetic equations were obtained that can predict the steady-state level of O 3 in a room from the O 3 emission rate of the air purifier and the first-order decay rate of O 3 in the room. The additivity of O 3 levels generated by independent O 3 generators was experimentally demonstrated.

show abstract

Section: Kinetic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of air exchange and transport limitations on concentrations of indoor air pollutants is discussed in more detail in refs. 11,53 .…”

Section: Kinetic Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Ozone Levels in Indoor Environments Generated by Ionization and Ozonolysis Air Purifiers

Britigan

Alshawa

Nizkorodov

2006

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…e As cited by Cano-Ruiz et al, 1993. Range of values reflect the decrease in uptake with prolonged ozone exposure. Ozone penetration factor for a irflow through a fiberglass bla nket as a function of ozone-fiber rea ction proba bility…”

Section: Figure Captionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling pollutant penetration across building envelopes

Liu

Nazaroff

2001

Atmospheric Environment

233

169

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As air infiltrates through unintentional openings in building envelopes, pollutants may interact with adjacent surfaces. Such interactions can alter human exposure to air pollutants of outdoor origin. We present modeling explorations of the proportion of particles and reactive gases (e.g., ozone) that penetrate building envelopes as air enters through cracks and wall cavities. Calculations were performed for idealized rectangular cracks, assuming regular geometry, smooth inner crack surface and steady airflow. Particles of 0.1-1.0 [im diameter are predicted to have the highest penetration efficiency, nearly unity for crack heights of 0.25 mm or larger, assuming a pressure difference of 4 Pa or greater and a flow path length of 3 cm or less. Supermicron and ultrafine particles are significantly removed by means of gravitational settling and Brownian diffusion, respectively. In addition to crack geometry, ozone penetration depends on its reactivity with crack surfaces, as parameterized by the reaction probability. For reaction probabilities less than ~ 10" 5

show abstract

“…13 The reaction between decontaminants or pollutants and the indoor surfaces is characterized by mass transfer coefficients, which are referred to as deposition velocities. 30,31 The range for k b was estimated based on decay constants calculated from the regression analysis of the data obtained from experimental studies. 12,14 The value for k in was kept constant.…”

Section: Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Artificial Neural Network Based Metamodels for Inactivation of Anthrax Spores in Ventilated Spaces Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Hoque

Farouk

Haas

2011

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Linear, quadratic, and artificial neural network (ANN)-based metamodels were developed for predicting the extent of anthrax spore inactivation by chlorine dioxide in a ventilated three-dimensional space over time from computational fluid dynamics model (CFD) simulation data. Dimensionless groups were developed to define the design space of the problem scenario. The Hammersley sequence sampling (HSS) method was used to determine the sampling points for the numerical experiments within the design space. A CFD model, comprised of multiple submodels, was applied to conduct the numerical experiments. Large eddy simulation (LES) with the Smagorinsky subgridscale model was applied to compute the airflow. Anthrax spores were modeled as a dispersed solid phase using the Lagrangian treatment. The disinfectant transport was calculated by solving a mass transport equation. Kinetic decay constants were included for spontaneous decay of the disinfectant and for the reaction of the disinfectant with the surfaces of the three-dimensional space. To enhance the mixing of the disinfectant with the room air, a momentum source was included in the simulation. An inactivation rate equation accounted for the reaction between the spores and the disinfectant. The ANN-based metamodels were most successful in predicting the number of viable bioaerosols remaining in an arbitrary enclosed space. Sensitivity analysis showed that the mass fraction of the disinfectant, inactivation rate constant, and contact time had the most influence on the inactivation of the spores.

show abstract

Removal of reactive gases at indoor surfaces: Combining mass transport and surface kinetics

Cited by 153 publications

References 20 publications

Quantification of Ozone Levels in Indoor Environments Generated by Ionization and Ozonolysis Air Purifiers

Quantification of Ozone Levels in Indoor Environments Generated by Ionization and Ozonolysis Air Purifiers

Modeling pollutant penetration across building envelopes

Development of Artificial Neural Network Based Metamodels for Inactivation of Anthrax Spores in Ventilated Spaces Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About