Removal of phenol in seawater by heterogeneous photocatalysis using activated carbon materials modified with TiO2

Asencios, Yvan J.O.; Lourenço, Vitória S.; Carvalho, Wagner A.

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2020.06.064

Cited by 60 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Previous studies established the positive hole as the principal or even solely responsible for the oxidation mechanism of the photocatalytic degradation of PhOH. 58,69,[94][95][96] In this context, by the Kintecus program, the participation of different reactions for PhOH removal was attested and quantified in terms of their k values (and supported by RSS analyses) to mimic the experimental data. The reaction between the h + and PhOH (R7) and the effect of different ROS in PhOH degradation was considered in the model (R8-11).…”

Section: Catalysis Science and Technology Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysis: the hydroperoxyl radical role revealed by kinetic modelling

Velo-Gala

Torres‐Pinto

Silva

et al. 2021

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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Section: Catalysis Science and Technology Papermentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysis: the hydroperoxyl radical role revealed by kinetic modelling

Velo-Gala

Torres‐Pinto

Silva

et al. 2021

Catal. Sci. Technol.

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“…The forces involved are the van der Waals forces. Physisorption in porous materials is governed by the interplay between the strength of fluid-wall and fluid-fluid interactions as well as the effects of confined pore space on the state and thermodynamic stability of fluids in narrow pores [6,7,40].…”

Section: Physisorption: (Physical Adsorption)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…International regulatory bodies have set strict discharge limits for phenols for a sustainable environment. For example, the EPA has set a water purity standard of less than 1 ppb for phenol in surface water [7]. The toxicity levels usually are in the range of 9-25 mg/L for both humans and aquatic life [3,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Appearing a lot of methods used in the phenolic compounds removing will overcome the hazard problems connected to these chemicals and wastes discharge challenges, in addition to, the getting of additional value phenolic compounds as secondary products. A lot of technologies are used to remove phenolic compounds from wastewater successfully before it's disposal in water resources [3,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Mubarak¹,

Ahmed²,

Gabr³

2021

Nanopores

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Nanoporous carbon-based sorbents are used to generate a three-dimensional real-space model of the nanoporous structure using the concept of Gaussian random fields. This pore model is used to derive important pore size characteristics, which are cross-validated against the corresponding values from gas sorption analysis. After filling the model pore structure with an aqueous electrolyte and rearranging the ions via a Monte Carlo simulation for different applied adsorption potentials. In comparison to nanopores formed from solid-state membranes (e.g., silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, polymer membranes, glass, hafnium oxide, gold, etc.) and very recently 2D materials (e.g., boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide, etc.), those nanopores produced from carbon materials (e.g., graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), diamond, etc.), especially those from graphene appear to be perfect for adsorption process. The thickness of carbon structures nanopores can be as thin as 0.35 nm, resembling the height of the base spacing. Moreover, the sizes of carbon structures nanopores can be precisely fabricated and tuned to around 1.0 nm, the similar size of many heavy metals and organic pollutants molecules. Furthermore, carbon materials are chemically stable and feature-rich surface chemistry. Therefore, various carbon nanopore sequencing techniques have been developed. Finally, in this chapter the adsorption of phenolic compounds on nanoporous carbon specifically the active carbon are overviewed and how to affect the heterogeneity of activated carbon surface, PH of the solution on the efficiency of adsorption.

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“…However, the single photoactivity of TiO 2 has the disadvantage of a low specific surface area and the occurrence of hole (h + )/electron (e − ) recombination, thus limiting the catalytic efficiency [9,10]. Therefore, in previous studies, TiO 2 has been composited with various materials, such as carbon [11], WO 3 [12], Bi 2 O 3 [13], and SiO 2 [14]. SiO 2 was chosen as a composite for TiO 2 because it can increase the photocatalytic activity, thermal stability, mechanical strength, and active surface area [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Phenol Degradation by Silica-Modified Titanium Dioxide

et al. 2021

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Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been widely applied as a photocatalyst for wastewater treatment due to its high photocatalytic activity and it can remove various harmful organic pollutants effectively. Under heated system, however, TiO2 is prone to agglomeration that decrease its abilities as a photocatalyst. In order to overcome the agglomeration and increase its thermal resistance, addition of silica (SiO2) as supporting material is proposed in this research. Silica or silicon dioxide can be extracted from natural resources such as beach sand. Here, we report the application of a composite photocatalyst of TiO2/SiO2 to remove phenolic compounds in wastewater. The photocatalyst was synthesized by adding SiO2 from beach sand onto TiO2 through impregnation methods. The results of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that TiO2 was present in the anatase phase. The highest crystallinity was obtained by TiO2/SiO2 ratios of 7:1. SEM results showed that the shape of the particles was spherical. Further characterizations were conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, and a particle size analyzer (PSA). By using the optimized condition, 96.05% phenol was degraded by the synthesized photocatalyst of TiO2/SiO2, under UV irradiation for 120 min. The efficiency of the TiO2/SiO2 is 3.5 times better than commercial TiO2 P25 for the Langmuir–Hinshelwood first-order kinetic model.

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Removal of phenol in seawater by heterogeneous photocatalysis using activated carbon materials modified with TiO2

Cited by 60 publications

References 64 publications

Graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysis: the hydroperoxyl radical role revealed by kinetic modelling

Graphitic carbon nitride photocatalysis: the hydroperoxyl radical role revealed by kinetic modelling

Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Photocatalytic Phenol Degradation by Silica-Modified Titanium Dioxide

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