Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Mubarak, Mahmoud F.; Ahmed, Alshimaa Maher; Gabr, Sahar saad

doi:10.5772/intechopen.96380

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(176 reference statements)

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“…In recent years, the removal of phenol has become recognised as an important area of research within the discipline of chemical engineering [ 1 ]. Phenolic compounds are high on the priority pollutants list because they can pose a significant risk even in small amounts [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic nanopowder is thought to be one of the most effective and cost-efficient adsorbents for removing organic and inorganic pollutants from aquatic environments [ 16 ]. It has a high surface area and a high porosity, and it is cheap, abundant, made from renewable sources, stable at high temperatures, and resistant to all chemicals [ 1 ]. Hence, in this study, the use of magnetic nanopowder for phenol adsorption on natural grain carbon foam to reduce the concentration of phenol in diverse solutions was investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2023

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The potential use of magnetic nanopowder for phenol adsorption mobilised on natural grain carbon foam from an aqueous solution was studied. Phenolic compounds are priority pollutants with high toxicity even at low concentrations. A magnetic nanopowder was synthesised by dissolving an iron sponge in nitric acid to produce iron nitrate, which was added to a natural grain mixture with flour as the main ingredient. The synthesised carbon foam was investigated for the effects of initial concentration, time, and TEM (transmission electron microscopy) characterisation. The phenol adsorption increased as the iron content of the carbon foam and the initial concentration increased. A kinetic study showed that the phenol adsorption data adequately covered all the carbon foam samples tested using an equation corresponding to a pseudo-first order chemical reaction. The Freundlich, Langmuir, and Temkin equations were tested for modelling the adsorption isotherms at equilibrium, and it was concluded that the Temkin model fit the experimental data adequately. Due to its exceptional physical and chemical properties, carbon magnetic nanopowder is regarded as an outstanding pollutant absorber in environmental investigations. R2 values derived from the pseudo-first-order model exceed 0.99. R2 > 0.94 indicates that the Freundlich isotherm provides the best fit to the equilibrium data.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2023

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“…All these methods have some limitations and shortcomings to remove pollutants completely, but the sorption technology seems efficient for water cleaning (Koul et al, 2022). A good absorbent has characteristics like high porosity and large surface area (Mubarak et al, 2021). The three categories of materials that produce low-cost activated carbon are (a) natural materials, (b) agricultural wastes, and (c) industrial wastes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dry fruit shell‐derived biochar increases biosorption potential and detoxification of organic pollutants for land safety

Munir,

Hanif,

Abideen

et al. 2023

Land Degrad Dev

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The increase in water pollution and land degradation ultimately reduces the supply of clean water for the growing population. Biochar produced from dry fruit shells is an effective adsorbent for organic pollutants. It can help reduce soil contamination and water pollution, making it an important option for land safety. For this experiment, dry fruit shell biochar was produced and activated chemically with 1 M KOH to increase the pollutants' removal efficiency. The efficiency of biochar as an adsorber of pollutants was assessed by characterizations of scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The peak of almond shell biochar was observed between 1033 and 1068 cm−1, while in pistachio, it was observed at 1458–1446 cm−1. Data extracted from XRD showed that most peaks were shifted after activation. For example, in walnut shell biochar, the peak shifted from 11° to 18° after biochar activation. The highest pollutant removal efficiency, such as 92%, 90%, and 87%, was observed in walnut shell biochar at 1, 2, and 3 mLL−1 adsorbate concentration, respectively. Pistachio shell biochar was most effective in the presence of the chemical activator to remove toluene and phenol organic contaminants. An increase in adsorbate concentration decreased the removal efficiency from 50% to 46% in activated almond shell biochar, 58% to 55% in activated pistachio shell biochar, and 55% to 54% in activated walnut shell biochar by 1 gL−1 of adsorbent. Kinetic and equilibrium data with different applied models established that the adsorption process was favorable, and models were fitted to the experimental setup. Biochar prepared from different dry fruit shells and their optimum activation can be used as bio‐sorbent for pollutants' removal and hence improved land development for agriculture and other industrial purposes.

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Nanoporous Carbon Materials toward Phenolic Compounds Adsorption

Cited by 2 publications

References 58 publications

Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions

Synthesis of Iron on Carbon Foam for Use in the Removal of Phenol from Aqueous Solutions

Dry fruit shell‐derived biochar increases biosorption potential and detoxification of organic pollutants for land safety

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