Removal of nickel from industrial process liquids

Koene, L.; Janssen, Ljj Jos

doi:10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00750-2

Cited by 57 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…It is clear from equation 7, that Q has no significant influence on X Pb 2+ (see also Figure 3a), although several other studies showed that the rate of electrochemical reactions under mass transport conditions is dependent on Q. 2,3,6,12 According to Koene and Janssen, 32 increases in Q enhance the electrochemical-reaction rate as a consequence of the diffuse layer becoming thinner. In the present case, lower Q values possibly promoted insignificant changes in the mass transport coefficient, while higher ones led to the formation of preferential streaming channels and/or dead zones.…”

Section: Optimization Of Pb 2+ Removalmentioning

confidence: 98%

Galvanostatic removal of Pb2+ ions from diluted solutions by the use of a membrane-less flow-through cell with stainless steel wool electrodes

Almeida

Bocchi

Rocha‐Filho

et al. 2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A remoção de íons Pb 2+ a partir de soluções diluídas foi estudada, em condições galvanostáticas, usando uma célula de fluxo sem membrana com eletrodos de esponja de aço inoxidável (SSW). A metodologia de superfície de resposta (variáveis independentes: corrente elétrica e vazão) foi usada para obter as condições ótimas para a remoção de Pb 2+ a partir de 2 L de uma solução de Pb(NO 3 ) 2 50 mg L -1 em NaNO 3 0,10 mol L -1 + H 3 BO 3 0,10 mol L -1 (pH 4,8). A partir das superfícies de respostas, concluiu-se que a vazão (59-341 L h -1 ) não influencia significativamente no processo de remoção de Pb 2+ . Por outro lado, o aumento da corrente elétrica leva a uma maior remoção de Pb 2+ , com valores significantemente melhores de consumo de energia específica e eficiência de corrente quando comparados àqueles relatados na literatura. Para um experimento realizado na região de condições ótimas (70 mA e 200 L h -1 ), uma conversão de Pb 2+ de 99,6% foi atingida depois de 90 min de eletrólise. A utilização da célula de fluxo sem membrana com eletrodos de SSW, além de ser energeticamente mais eficiente, levou à remoção de Pb 2+ em ambos os eletrodos, mais predominantemente no anodo, sobre o qual 95% dos íons Pb 2+ foram convertidos a PbO 2 .The removal of Pb 2+ ions from dilute solutions was investigated under galvanostatic conditions using a membrane-less flow-through cell with stainless steel wool (SSW) electrodes. The response surface methodology (independent variables: electric current and volumetric flow rate) was used to find the optimal conditions for Pb 2+ removal from 2 L of an aqueous solution of 50 mg L -1 Pb(NO 3 ) 2 in 0.10 mol L -1 NaNO 3 + 0.10 mol L -1 H 3 BO 3 (pH 4.8). The obtained response surfaces revealed that the volumetric flow rate (59-341 L h -1 ) does not substantially affect the Pb 2+ removal process. On the other hand, the electric current increase led to higher Pb 2+ removal, with significantly improved values of specific energy consumption and current efficiency when compared with those reported in the literature. For an experiment carried out in the optimum-condition region (70 mA and 200 L h -1 ), a Pb 2+ conversion of 99.6% was attained after 90 min of electrolysis. The use of the membrane-less flow-through cell with SSW electrodes, besides being significantly more energy efficient, led to Pb 2+ removal on both electrodes, but predominantly in the SSW anode, on which more than 95% of the Pb 2+ ions were converted to PbO 2 .Keywords: electrolytic removal of Pb 2+ ions, electrochemical treatment, Pb 2+ wastewater, simultaneous cathodic/anodic Pb 2+ removal, factorial design, response surface methodology IntroductionNowadays, environmental agencies of many countries require the treatment of aqueous effluents containing toxic metallic ions, such as Cd 2+ , Cr 6+ and Pb 2+ , to decrease their concentrations to lower values than those permitted for discharge into sewers (few mg L -1 down to zero, depending on the country). The treatment of these effluents is usually done adjusting their pH or a...

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Section: Optimization Of Pb 2+ Removalmentioning

confidence: 98%

Galvanostatic removal of Pb2+ ions from diluted solutions by the use of a membrane-less flow-through cell with stainless steel wool electrodes

Almeida

Bocchi

Rocha‐Filho

et al. 2011

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Among techniques as chemical precipitation and ion exchange, two electrochemical methods are used to contribute to the solution of this serious environmental problem e.g. electrodialysis [52] and electrodeionization with simultaneously water recovery for reuse) [4,5,[9][10][11][12][13]. The proposed new electrostatic shielding electrodialysis cell with ICSs instead of ion exchange membranes has proved to be efficient also for the removal of heavy metal ions such as Ni fig.1b.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrodialysis has been successfully performed over the last decades mainly in the production of potable water from brackish or seawater [6], regeneration of ion exchange resins [4,5] and production of pure or ultrapure water, demineralization and deacidification in food or pharmaceutical processing [7], purification of radioactive waste water in nuclear power plants [8] and recovery of water and valuable metals from industrial effluents [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new process for desalination and electrodeionization of water by means of electrostatic shielding zones – ionic current sinks.

Dermentzis¹,

Papadopoulou²,

Christoforidis³

et al. 2009

JESTR

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We constructed electrostatic shielding zones made of electrode graphite powder and used them as a new type of ionic and electronic current sinks. Because of the local elimination of the applied electric field, voltage and current within the current sinks, ions are led inside them and accumulate there. The sinks become ion concentrating compartments whereas the adjacent compartments become ion depleting compartments. The proposed electrodeionization process uses no permselective ion exchange membranes. We implemented it in electrodialysis desalination of a synthetic brackish 0.03 M NaCl solution and obtained potable water with a NaCl concentration <500 mg L -1 . Furthermore, we performed electrodialysis of 0.002 M NiSO 4 and electrodeionization of 0.001 M NiSO 4 solutions with simultaneous electrochemical regeneration of the used ion exchange resin beds. By the continuous mode of electrodeionization of the 0.001 M NiSO 4 solution we obtained pure water with a Ni 2+ ion concentration of less than 0.5 mg L -1 at a flow rate of 2.3 x10 -4 L s -1 diluate stream

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“…As only 30% to 40% of all the metals used in this process are effectively utilized [4] ,the electroplating wastewater contains a high heavy metal ions(Cr ) and they are highly toxic, carcinogenic. Without being treated, it will cause heavy metal pollution and resources waste [5][6] .Since nickel is cancerigenic and expensive [7] , therefore it's important to be treated before discharge and better to be recycled. This paper studied the main parameters affecting the recovery of nickel with electrochemical method [8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%