Removal of mercury from solids using the potassium iodide/iodine leaching process

Klasson, K. Thomas; Koran, L.J.; Gates, D.D.; Cameron, P.A.

doi:10.2172/656449

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Soil-washing solutions were chosen from literature studies [45,[47][48][49] on the extraction of heavy metals from soil and sediments, with particular attention to Hg contamination.…”

Section: Soil-washing Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Hg-Contaminated Sediments Washing through Sentinel Species: A Mesocosm Approach

Mancini,

Cappello,

De Marco

et al. 2023

Water

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This study combines a traditional chemical characterization with a simultaneous biological evaluation through histological, immunohistochemical, and enzymatic observations to assess the efficiency and sustainability of soil washing on Hg-contaminated sediment in terms of the bioavailability of the contaminant before and after the treatment, as well as the potential drawbacks of the treatment that are not revealed by a simple chemical characterization of treated sediments on its own. Different extracting agents, that is, ethylenedinitrilotetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid (EDDS), sodium thiosulfate, potassium iodide (KI), and iodine (I2), have been compared in this work to evaluate their efficiency in the removal of Hg from contaminated sediments. Speciation analysis was applied to assess the mobility of Hg from different fractions of aged sediments. Biological evaluation was carried out through the use of large mesocosms and Mytilus galloprovincialis as biological sentinels. Results from bench scale tests have shown Hg removal of up to 93% by means of the multi-step KI/I2 washing process of the sediment. Results from histological, immunohistochemical, and enzymatic analysis have shown significant differences in the degree of alteration of biological tissues and their functional integrity between organisms in contact with contaminated and restored sediments. The reduction in 5-HT3R immunopositivity in the mesocosm with treated sediments suggests a tendency for mussels to recover a healthy condition. This result was also confirmed by the measurement of the enzymatic activity of AChE in mussel gills, which was significantly reduced in organisms from the mesocosm with polluted sediments compared with those from the one with restored sediments. The proposed approach could help stakeholders all over the world select, at an early stage, the most efficient cleaning action from a more holistic perspective, including not only pollutant concentration and economic reduction but also a direct assessment of the ultimate impact of the selected process on the biological system.

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“…Soil-washing solutions were chosen from literature studies [45,[47][48][49] on the extraction of heavy metals from soil and sediments, with particular attention to Hg contamination.…”

Section: Soil-washing Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Impact of Hg-Contaminated Sediments Washing through Sentinel Species: A Mesocosm Approach

Mancini,

Cappello,

De Marco

et al. 2023

Water

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“…According to the literature (Abumaizar and Smith 1999;Klasson et al 1997), potassium iodide (KI) with acetic acid The applicability of soil flushing technology in a metallurgical plant at a pH = 2 have been used as a solution with a molar ratio of 0.1 for KI.…”

Section: Mercury Leachability Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The applicability of soil flushing technology in a metallurgical plant

Manca

Caredda

Orrù

2018

Int J Coal Sci Technol

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Soil flushing technology is an 'in situ' remediation technique involving the injection of a liquid solution. Applications of the soil flushing technique depend on the leachability of the pollutants and the environmental compatibility and total volumes of the solutions used. Therefore, experiments should consider these aspects by simulating the real phenomenon and using the most suitable reagents for the leachability of the different mineralogical forms present. Thirtyone laboratory tests were carried out (in batch and becker) to the complete exhaustion of the leaching capacity according to pH measurements. The reaction kinetics were studied by producing more than 300 solution samples during which the principal heavy metal concentrations, pH and Eh were measured. Leaching solutions containing various concentrations of hydrochloric, sulphuric, nitric and acetic acids were used. Mercury was leached using potassium iodide and acetic acid (pH 2). Analytes such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, lead, selenium and zinc proved to be leachable in the investigated soil layer. However, high removal efficiencies could be obtained using different typological solutions, concentrations and volumes. The paper discusses the applicability of the soil flushing technique for different heavy metal contents and pH conditions of the flushing solution.

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“…The high efficiencies for mercury recovery from spent fluorescent lamps were reported using processes such as thermal desorption (pyrometallurgical) (Fujiwara and Fujinami 2004;US EPA 2007;Durão et al 2008;Chang et al 2009), chemical leaching (hydrometallurgical) (Klasson et al 1998;Jang et al 2005;Tunsu et al 2014), and stabilization/ solidification (Piao and Bishop 2006;US EPA 2007;Wang et al 2012). The main goal of these processes is the removal of mercury from the lamps, converting it into less toxic chemical compounds or recovering it as metal in its pure state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These oxidizing agents were generally used in mercury recovery from the process sludge in chlorinealkaline facilities (Twidwell and Thompson 2001) and from industrial wastes (Klasson et al 1998) with high mercury content. The recovery efficiencies were in the range of 85 to 99 %.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery of Mercury from Spent Fluorescent Lamps via Oxidative Leaching and Cementation

Coşkun

Civelekoğlu

2015

Water Air Soil Pollut

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In this work, the recovery of mercury from spent fluorescent lamps by oxidative leaching followed by cementation process was studied. Two different reactive solutions (NaOCl/NaCl and KI/I 2 ) during oxidative leaching were investigated whereas at the cementation process, metallic powders of iron (Fe), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) were used as reducing agents to capture mercury in solid phase. Mercury could be transferred to the solution with an efficiency of 96 % from the spent lamp samples through the NaOCl/NaCl reagent. The optimal leaching conditions were determined as 2-h contact time, 120 rpm agitation speed, pH 7.5, and 50°C of temperature. The reducing agent, Zn, provided 99 % of the cementation. The optimal process conditions were observed to be as 5-min contact time, pH 1, and 5 g L −1 of reducing agent concentration. This combined approach appears to be technically effective for the recovery of mercury from spent fluorescent lamps.

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Removal of mercury from solids using the potassium iodide/iodine leaching process

Abstract: DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document. c

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Assessing the Impact of Hg-Contaminated Sediments Washing through Sentinel Species: A Mesocosm Approach

Assessing the Impact of Hg-Contaminated Sediments Washing through Sentinel Species: A Mesocosm Approach

The applicability of soil flushing technology in a metallurgical plant

Recovery of Mercury from Spent Fluorescent Lamps via Oxidative Leaching and Cementation

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