Removal of lead(II) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from Tamarind wood by zinc chloride activation

Acharya, Jyotikusum; Sahu, J.N.; Mohanty, Chitta Ranjan; Meikap, B.C.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2008.10.029

Cited by 412 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Further increment of adsorbent above 1 g/L resulted in a decline in adsorption capacity.The initial increment in adsorption capacity with increase in adsorbent dosage was expected, since number of adsorbent particles increases and thus more surface areas were available for metals attachment. Same trend was reported by Dakiky et al (2002), Acharya et al, (2009). It is plausible to suggest that with higher dosage of adsorbent there would be greater availability of exchangeable sites for metal ions as noted by Babel and Kurniawan (2004) and Najua et al (2008).…”

Section: Effect Of Adsorbent Dosagesupporting

confidence: 58%

Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor industrial wastewater by palm shell activated carbon

Onundi

Mamun

Khatib

et al. 2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

244

116

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Granular activated carbon produced from palm kernel shell was used as adsorbent to remove copper, nickel and lead ions from a synthesized industrial wastewater.Laboratory experimental investigation was carried out to identify the effect of pH and contact time on adsorption of lead, copper and nickel from the mixed metals solution.Equilibrium adsorption experiments at ambient room temperature were carried out and fitted to Langmuir and Freundlich models. Results showed that pH 5 was the most suitable, while the maximum adsorbent capacity was at a dosage of 1 g/L, recording a sorption capacity of 1.337 mg/g for lead, 1.581 mg/g for copper and 0.130 mg/g for nickel. The percentage metal removal approached equilibrium within 30 min for lead, 75 min for copper and nickel, with lead recording 100 %, copper 97 % and nickel 55 % removal, having a trend of Pb 2+ > Cu 2+ > Ni 2+ . Langmuir model had higher R 2 values of 0.977, 0.817 and 0.978 for copper, nickel and lead respectively, which fitted the equilibrium adsorption process more than Freundlich model for the three metals.

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Section: Effect Of Adsorbent Dosagesupporting

confidence: 58%

Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor industrial wastewater by palm shell activated carbon

Onundi

Mamun

Khatib

et al. 2010

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

244

116

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“…A particular example we explored here is to use these one-step synthesized hydrogels directly as water filters to remove toxic pollutants such as organic dyes and heavy metal ions. Compared to previously investigated materials for water filtration such as active carbon, 36 nanoclay, 37 graphene oxide, 38 or metal oxide nanoparticles, 39 no additional effort is needed for collecting or assembling the active material. The inset in Figure 4a shows the photograph of a syringe filter.…”

Section: Nano Lettersmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Facile Methodology for the Production of In Situ Inorganic Nanowire Hydrogels/Aerogels

Jung

Fang

et al. 2014

Nano Lett.

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Creating inorganic nanowire hydrogels/aerogels using various materials and inexpensive means remains an outstanding challenge despite their importance for many applications. Here, we present a facile methodology to enable highly porous inorganic nanowire hydrogel/aerogel production on a large scale and at low cost. The hydrogels/aerogels are obtained from in situ hydrothermal synthesis of onedimensional (1D) nanowires that directly form a cross-linking network during the synthesis process. Such a method not only offers great simplicity but also allows the interconnecting nanowires to have much longer length. The longer length offers aerogels with remarkable porosity and surface area extremely low densities (as low as 2.9 mg/cm 3 ), are mechanically robust, and can have superelasticity by tuning the synthesis conditions. The nanowires in the hydrogels/aerogels serve both as structural support and active sites, for example, for catalysis or absorption. In this work, we have found that the as-grown hydrogels can be used directly as water filters to remove pollutants such as heavy metal ions and toxic organic contents. Our studies indicate that this method for nanowire hydrogels/aerogels production is not only economical but greatly augmented their applications in environmental, catalysis, sensing, absorption, energy storage, and beyond. KEYWORDS: Inorganic nanowires, hydrogels, aerogels, superelasticity, water purification filters P orous inorganic nanowire hydrogels/aerogels are highly attractive in applications for energy generation and storage, sensing, catalytic conversion, selective absorption and removal, or thermal insulation, and so forth.1−4 General syntheses of the inorganic nanowire aerogels have been demonstrated with template-assisted deposition followed by a template removal step such as metal electrodeposition onto a polymer template, 5 or atomic layer deposition of a metal oxide onto nanocellulose 6 or a copolymer 7 template. However, these methods are complicated and are limited in terms of porosity 8 without collapsing of the three-dimensional (3D) network during the template removal process. Because the pore geometry and pore size play a critical role in the properties and performance of these porous materials, 9 this hampers their utilization for various applications.Previously, we demonstrated that highly porous inorganic nanowire hydrogels/aerogels can be obtained by assembling the nanowires into a cross-linking network from their colloidal suspensions at the transition from semidilute to isotropic concentrated regimes without using templates or supporting materials. 10 The synthesized nanowires were initially dispersed with/without surfactant in ethanol using ultrasonication at a dilute concentration, and then the suspension was transformed into a nanowire gel by evaporating the solvent to reach the gel formation concentration (φ gel = a r −1, where a r is the nanowire aspect ratio, a r = L/d, and L is the nanowire length and d is the diameter).10 For this method, in the case of bri...

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“…Since lead does not degrade in environment like organic pollutants [4], the safe and effective disposal of wastewater containing Pb 2+ is always a challenge to industrialists and environmentalists [5]. At present, various methods including chemical precipitation, electrochemical reduction, ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane separation, and adsorption have been developed to remove Pb 2+ from wastewater [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Studies of Coconut Shell Carbons Prepared by KOH Activation for Removal of Lead(II) From Aqueous Solutions

et al. 2013

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Abstract:Removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions using coconut shell carbons produced by KOH activation is performed in this paper. Morphology and pore structure characteristic of coconut shell carbons are analyzed by SEM and nitrogen adsorption techniques. Effects of adsorbent concentration, agitation time and initial ion concentration on the adsorption behavior are investigated, and adsorption isotherm and kinetics on coconut shell carbons are also studied. The results show that high weight ratio of KOH/sample is favorable to produce rich porous structure. The resultant coconut shell carbons with a high specific surface area of 1135 m 2 /g is obtained and demonstrates good adsorption potential on removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solutions. Adsorption data fit well with Freundlich and Halsey isotherms. The kinetic studies indicate that adsorption behavior can be described by pseudo-second-order kinetic model, which also follows external diffusion and intra-particle diffusion in the adsorption process.

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Removal of lead(II) from wastewater by activated carbon developed from Tamarind wood by zinc chloride activation

Cited by 412 publications

References 26 publications

Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor industrial wastewater by palm shell activated carbon

Adsorption of copper, nickel and lead ions from synthetic semiconductor industrial wastewater by palm shell activated carbon

A Facile Methodology for the Production of In Situ Inorganic Nanowire Hydrogels/Aerogels

Adsorption Studies of Coconut Shell Carbons Prepared by KOH Activation for Removal of Lead(II) From Aqueous Solutions

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