Removal of lead(II) by adsorption using treated granular activated carbon: Batch and column studies

Goel, Jyotsna; Kadirvelu, K.; Rajagopal, Chitra; Garg, V.K.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.05.032

Cited by 706 publications

(348 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…These results demonstrate that the change of concentration gradient affects the saturation rate and breakthrough time, or in other words, the diffusion process is concentration dependent. As the influent concentration increases, phosphate loading rate increases, so does the driving force for mass transfer, and decreases in the adsorption zone length [33]. The extended breakthrough curve at low influent concentration indicates that a higher volume of solution can be treated.…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Phosphate Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin

Nur

Johir

Loganathan

et al. 2014

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

112

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Removing phosphate from water is important as it causes eutrophication, which in turn has a harmful effect on aquatic life, resulting in a reduction in biodiversity. On the other hand, recovery of phosphate from phosphorus containing wastewater is essential for developing an alternative source of phosphorus to overcome the global challenge of phosphorus scarcity.Phosphate removal from aqueous solutions was studied using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin, Purolite FerrIX A33E in batch and fixed-bed column experiments. Phosphate adsorption in the batch study satisfactorily fitted to the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 48 mg P/g. In the column study, increase in inlet phosphate concentration (5-30 mg P/L), and filtration velocity (2.5-10 m/h) resulted in faster breakthrough times and increase in breakthrough adsorption capacities. Increase in bed height (3-19 cm) also increased adsorption capacity but the breakthrough time was slower.The breakthrough data were reasonably well described using the empirical models of Bohart-2 Adams, Thomas, and Yoon-Nelson, except for high bed heights. Phosphate adsorbed was effectively desorbed using 1M NaOH and the adsorbent was regenerated after each of three adsorption/desorption cycles by maintaining the adsorption capacity at > 90% of the original value. Greater than 99.5% of the desorbed P was recovered by precipitation using CaCl 2 .

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Section: Effect Of Initial Phosphate Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin

Nur

Johir

Loganathan

et al. 2014

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

112

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“…Activated carbon has been chosen as an adsorptive media for removal of lead by many researchers (Goel et al, 2005;Issabayeva et al, 2006;Singh et al, 2008;Mohanty 2005). It is widely used as adsorbent in wastewater and gas treatments as well as in catalysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and equilibrium studies of Pb2+ in removal from aqueous solutions by use of nano-silversol-coated activated carbon

Kumar¹,

Vincent²,

Kirthika³

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

139

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-The ability of nano-silversol-coated activated carbon (NSSCAC) to adsorb Pb 2+ from aqueous solution has been investigated through batch experiments. The adsorption of lead onto NSSCAC has been found to depend on adsorbent dose, initial concentration and contact time. The experiments were carried out at natural solution pH. Equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model and Freundlich model with a maximum adsorption capacity of 23.81 mg of Pb/g of NSSCAC. The experiments showed that the highest removal rate was 92.42% for Pb 2+ under optimal conditions. The sorption of Pb 2+ on NSSCAC was rapid during the first 30 min and the equilibrium attained within 60 min. The kinetic processes of Pb 2+ adsorption on NSSCAC were described by applying pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models. The kinetic data for the adsorption process obeyed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that the adsorption process is chemisorption. The NSSCAC investigated in this study showed good potential for the removal of Pb 2+ from aqueous solution.

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“…This result was obtained in literature dealing with the removal of basic red 46 by granular activated carbon [187], the removal of crystal violet (CV) by Citrullus lanatus rind [199], and the removal of (CV) by STL [18]. The findings were attributed to the increase in the driving force made by the increase of the influent adsorbate concentration, leading to quick saturation of the adsorbent active sites, which in turn lead to fast breakpoint and exhausted times, as corroborated with the clarification made by Goel et al (2005) [206], Kandaswamy and Sirkrishna (2013) [36], and Abbas et al (2012) [207]. The percentage of adsorbate removal is the highest at lowest initial adsorbate concentration.…”

Section: Effect Of Initial Adsorbate Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Low-cost Adsorbents Derived from Agricultural By-products/Wastes for Enhancing Contaminant Uptakes from Wastewater: A Review

Sulyman

Namieśnik

Gierak

2017

Pol. J. Environ. Stud.

201

112

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A major threat to the comfort of human life has been imposed by increased industrialization and urbanization. The generation and disposal of huge amounts of toxic materials and pollutants have heavily contaminated our environment. Some Organics such as synthetic dyes (SD) and heavy metals (HM) are becoming increasingly prevalent as the most dangerous pollutants in soil and surface water environments. They are causing great concern worldwide due to their toxicity to many life forms.Environmentally friendly utilization of agricultural by-products/waste materials either as raw materials or in production of so-called activated carbons (AC) is an important issue. Because it is apparent from our literature review that the main factors characterizing these materials are their affordability, local availability, and efficiencies in removing many unwanted toxics and pollutants, they therefore could be utilized instead of more conventional but expensive adsorbent materials, particularly in developing countries where many industries lack appropriate individual sewage treatment systems; even where they exist, they lack satisfactory functioning and maintenance because of the lack of good budgets.A number of case studies are supplied in this review. These case studies have pointed to the efficient removal of SD/HM ions from aqueous solutions by the agricultural by-products/wastes in the form of a raw material, signifying spent tea leaves (STL) as a good example. Besides, the efficient removal of such ions by AC produced from these agricultural by-products/wastes has also been given in detail, suggesting a variety of AC agricultural by-products/wastes sources. Both kinds are widely used adsorbents in the treatment of wastewaters. Our review has shown that these adsorbents are characterized by many exceptional physical and chemical features that make them widely used adsorbents in the treatment of wastewaters. The adsorption efficiencies by these substances were also affected by the characteristics of AC, which depend on the physical and chemical properties of the precursor (i.e., agricultural by-products/wastes) as well as on the activation method applied, which is either chemical or physical. The structural properties of the resulting

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Removal of lead(II) by adsorption using treated granular activated carbon: Batch and column studies

Cited by 706 publications

References 25 publications

Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin

Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin

Kinetics and equilibrium studies of Pb2+ in removal from aqueous solutions by use of nano-silversol-coated activated carbon

Low-cost Adsorbents Derived from Agricultural By-products/Wastes for Enhancing Contaminant Uptakes from Wastewater: A Review

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