Removal of lead, cadmium, and copper from water usingMoringa oleiferaseed biomass

Abstract

This study demonstrated that Moringa oleifera seed biomass (MOSB) has the potential to be used as a natural alternative in the removal of lead (Pd), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu) from water which was justified by the level of toxicity, environmental unfriendliness, and costly nature of chemical coagulants presently used. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis was used to identify the MOSB and functional groups present in the adsorption of metal ions. The maximum removal at pH 5, room temperature, and 0.8 g dosage was 90, 81.77, and 70% for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II), respectively. The order of biosorption preference was Pb(II)>Cd(II)>Cu(II) in single sorption and is in a consistent correlation between physiochemical properties of metal ions and selective biosorption of MOSB functional groups. The adsorption data fitted better to the Langmuir than the Freundlich models as the sorption capacities (qm) of MOSB for Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) were 6.19, 5.03, and 3.64 mg/g, respectively. The separation factor (RL) was within the range of 0–1 which showed that the Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II) adsorption processes were favourable for M. oleifera adsorbent. The results showed that MOSB is an effective adsorbent in the removal of the studied heavy metals from contaminated water. In all these water-purifying properties of the moringa seed biomass, no deliberate attempt has been made to study the use of a ternary system of very toxic metals like Pb, Cd, and Cu knowing the anti-bacterial properties of the metal system. Similarly, the reproducibility, low cost, and no requirement of a power source make this an efficient process for obtaining potable water even in homes in rural settings.

Rapid Removal of Toxic Remazol Brilliant Blue-R Dye from Aqueous Solutions Using Juglans nigra Shell Biomass Activated Carbon as Potential Adsorbent: Optimization, Isotherm, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Investigation

“…In order to interpret the feasibility of the adsorption process, the dimensionless separation factor, R L was computed using Equation (7), given as [ 46 ] …”

Potential of waste mangosteen shell in the removal of cadmium ions: Effects of pH, contact time, and temperature

“…Table S1 shows the adsorption capacity of cadmium ions using the MGS samples and other reported adsorbents [ 1 , 3 , 12 , 19 , [32] , [33] , [34] ]. The adsorption capacity of cadmium ions using MGS1000 was relatively higher than that of other adsorbents, except for some adsorbents.…”

Integrative application of heavy metal–resistant bacteria, moringa extracts, and nano-silicon improves spinach yield and declines its contaminant contents on a heavy metal–contaminated soil

“…On the other hand, MLE contains Fe, which activates enzymes involved in the chlorophyll biosynthesis pathway, and some antioxidant enzymes, such as APOX and GSH, which release ROS and protect chlorophyll from degradation ( Zayed et al., 2011 ; Nwagbara et al., 2022 ). The major controlling factor of photosynthesis depends on the role of K in stomatal regulation ( Brugnoli and Bjo¨Rkman, 1992 ).…”