Removal of inorganic constituents from pine barks and switchgrass

Liu, Xinliang; Bi, Xiaotao

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.01.016

Cited by 123 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Por otra parte, con los contenidos elevados de cenizas (mayores de 0.7 %) se requiere limpieza constante de los equipos de combustión (Obernberger & Thek, 2010). Altos valores de elementos inorgánicos pueden generar que las partículas se dispersen y se adhieran en el interior de los intercambiadores de calor y plantas de generación de energía; a largo plazo, pueden obstruir el canal de gases de combustión e inducir la corrosión de los hornos, reactores, turbinas y dispositivos de control de emisiones (Liu & Bi, 2011;Werkelin, Lindberg, Boström, Skrifvars, & Hupa, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…On the other hand, with high ash content (over 0.7 %) combustion equipment needs to be constantly cleaned (Obernberger & Thek, 2010). High inorganic element levels can result in the particles dispersing and adhering to the inside of heat exchangers and power generation plants; in the long term, they can clog the combustion gas exhaust and induce corrosion of furnaces, reactors, turbines and emission control devices (Liu & Bi, 2011;Werkelin, Lindberg, Boström, Skrifvars, & Hupa, 2011). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contenido De Humedad Y Sustancias Inorgánicas en Subproductos Maderables De Pino Para Su Uso en Pélets Y Briquetas

Correa-Méndez¹,

Carrillo-Parra

Rutiaga-Quiñones

et al. 2014

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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La industria forestal de la cabecera municipal Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro y de la Comunidad Indígena de Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Michoacán, México, generan 1,232 m3·año-1 de aserrín y viruta de pino que son subutilizados. El aserrín y la viruta de Pinus leiophylla Sch. Et Cham., P. montezumae Lamb. y P. pseudostrobus Lindl se analizaron fisicoquímicamente para determinar si reunían los requisitos para la elaboración de pélets y briquetas. El contenido de humedad, ceniza y elementos inorgánicos de los subproductos se determinaron según estándares internacionales. El contenido de humedad en aserrín fue 51.5 ± 1.9 % y 53.7 ± 0.1 % en viruta; estos valores superaron el máximo permisible. El contenido de cenizas en el aserrín y en la viruta fue 0.26 ± 0.03 % y 0.34 ± 0.03 %, respectivamente. En las tres especies evaluadas, el porcentaje medio de Ca, K, Mg, P, S, Si, Fe, Al y Na en el aserrín fue 47.1 ± 2.8, 26.0 ± 2.5, 13.5 ± 0.4, 5.0 ± 0.4, 3.2 ± 0.4, 2.3 ± 0.8, 1.0 ± 0.1, 1.3 ± 0.4 y 1.4 ± 0.3, respectivamente, mientras que el porcentaje medio de Ca, K, Mg, P, S, Si, Fe, Al y Na en la viruta fue 43.2 ± 7.0, 16.5 ± 3.0, 10.1 ± 4.8, 4.0 ± 0.6, 1.8 ± 0.2, 3.6 ± 0.3, 1.0 ± 0.6, 1.1 ± 0.1, y 1.0 ± 0.6, respectivamente. El arsénico sólo se encontró en la viruta (17.1 ± 17.1 %). De acuerdo con los resultados, el aserrín es el subproducto más adecuado para la producción de pélets y briquetas.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contenido De Humedad Y Sustancias Inorgánicas en Subproductos Maderables De Pino Para Su Uso en Pélets Y Briquetas

Correa-Méndez¹,

Carrillo-Parra

Rutiaga-Quiñones

et al. 2014

Rev Cha Se Cie For y del Amb

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“…Frequently there is a higher ash content in the fines, because the small and grindable inorganic constituents tend to accumulate in the finer sized fraction (Bridgeman et al 2007, Liu andBi 2011). This effect is more important when there is contamination of Fractioning of bark of..: Miranda et al bark with soil particles as it may be the case with barks collected at mills that may have considerable amounts of entrapped minerals (Miranda et al 2013).…”

Section: Bark Fractioningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractioning of bark of Pinus pinea by milling and chemical characterization of the different fractions

Miranda

Mirra

Gominho

et al. 2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The bark of stone pine (Pinus pinea) from 50 year old trees grown in Portugal was submitted to grinding and fractioning into different particles sizes. The trees had a thick bark with an average 3,7 cm constituted mainly by the periderm and rhytidome (3,2 cm).The bark fractured easily into particles: yield of fines was low, and 74,0% of the particles were over 2 mm. The chemical composition, as a mass weighed average of all granulometric fractions showed a content of 1,1% ash 20,6% extractives (91% of which polar extractives) 2,2% suberin, 43,0% lignin and 37,6% holocellulose. The percentage of material dissolved by extraction with 1% NaOH was 42,3%. The chemical characterization of the different granulometric fractions showed that extractives were present preferentially in the finest fractions (<80 mesh and 60-80 mesh), representing 34-35%, particularly with enrichment in ethanol soluble extractives, that also showed lower content of lignin. The coarser fractions contained higher proportions of lignin and holocellulose. P. pinea bark grinding and fractionation by particle size may be used to selectively enrich the finest fractions in soluble materials, while the coarser fractions tend to have higher holocellulose content and will be therefore more suitable for carbohydrate related uses.

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“…In addition to separating anatomical fractions, sieve separation also has potential to remove fine soil particles adhering to biomass by vibration and the use of sieves with small openings can allow small soil particles to pass through while capturing larger organic particles. Liu and Bi [11] demonstrated that sieving could remove 33 % of the total ash from pine bark while only removing 24 % of the organic material. The results for switchgrass were approximately half that of pine bark: removing 16 % of the total ash also removed 11 % of the organic material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using a higher acid concentration of 2 wt% H 3 PO 4 at room temperature, Dobele et al [21] removed a large fraction of inorganics but most of the levoglucosan produced in subsequent pyrolysis was converted to levoglucosone, a less desirable intermediate product. Liu and Bi [11] compared the leaching results of hydrochloric, acetic, and nitric acids to remove inorganics from pine bark and removed 100, 98, 92, and 90 % of Na, Mg, K, and Ca, respectively. Nitric acid removed the most inorganics at the lowest concentration; however, acetic acid removed the most inorganics at the same pH level.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Simulation and Cost Analysis for Removing Inorganics from Wood Chips Using Combined Mechanical and Chemical Preprocessing

Westover

Cherry

et al. 2016

Bioenerg. Res.

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Inorganic species (ash) in biomass feedstocks negatively impact thermochemical and biochemical energy conversion processes. In this work, a process simulation model is developed to model the reduction in ash content of loblolly logging residues using a combination of air classification and dilute-acid leaching. Various scenarios are considered, and it is found that costs associated with discarding high-ash material from air classification are substantial. The costs of material loss can be reduced by chemical leaching the high-ash fraction obtained from air classification. The optimal leaching condition is found to be approximately 0.1 wt% sulfuric acid at 24°C. In example scenarios, total process costs in the range of $6-9/dry tons of product are projected that result in a removal of 14, 62, 39, and 88 % of organics, total ash (inorganics), alkaline earth metals and phosphorus (AAEMS + P), and silicon, respectively. Sensitivity analyses indicate that costs associated with loss of organic material during processing (yield losses), brine disposal, and labor have the greatest potential to impact the total processing cost.

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Removal of inorganic constituents from pine barks and switchgrass

Cited by 123 publications

References 30 publications

Contenido De Humedad Y Sustancias Inorgánicas en Subproductos Maderables De Pino Para Su Uso en Pélets Y Briquetas

Contenido De Humedad Y Sustancias Inorgánicas en Subproductos Maderables De Pino Para Su Uso en Pélets Y Briquetas

Fractioning of bark of Pinus pinea by milling and chemical characterization of the different fractions

Process Simulation and Cost Analysis for Removing Inorganics from Wood Chips Using Combined Mechanical and Chemical Preprocessing

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