Removal of <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>–infected red blood cells from whole blood by leukoreduction filters

Cardo, Lisa J.; Salata, Jeanne; Wilder, Donna M.

doi:10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01974.x

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…after the study period) may also have contributed to a further reduction in the TTM residual risk. In a recent study, Cardo et al [23] demonstrate the removal of P. falciparum infected red blood cells from whole blood by leucodepletion filters. The authors speculate that this phenomenon might partially explain the observed decrease in incidence of TTM in the USA, which has paralleled the increasing use of leucodepletion [10,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, Cardo et al [23] demonstrate the removal of P. falciparum infected red blood cells from whole blood by leucodepletion filters. The authors speculate that this phenomenon might partially explain the observed decrease in incidence of TTM in the USA, which has paralleled the increasing use of leucodepletion [10,23]. However, despite the implementation of leucodepletion in France and the UK since the mid‐1990s, a similar decline in TTM incidence is not immediately evident [3,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the safety and efficacy of a test-based, targeted donor screening strategy to minimize transfusion transmitted malaria

et al. 2010

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Background and Objectives In 2005, the Australian Red Cross Blood Service implemented a malaria antibody testing based strategy for donors with a history of travel ⁄ residence in a malaria endemic country or a past history of malaria. This report assesses the safety and efficacy of the strategy since inception. Materials andMethods Eligible blood donors were tested using the Newmarket malarial antibody EIA at least 4 months after their last potential exposure. Where EIA non-reactive their quarantined red cells were considered for transfusion and they were re-instated for cellular component manufacture at their next donation. The efficiency and safety of this strategy were evaluated based on the additional number of components recovered for transfusion and the observed incidence of transfusion transmitted malaria (TTM) respectively.Results Of the repeat reactive donors, 2696 (> 99AE99%) were PCR negative whilst one was PCR positive with very low level parasitaemia. The average number of RBCs and platelets recovered per annum was 64 967 and 7398 representing 7AE9 and 5AE5% respectively of their annual production. No new TTM cases were recorded and the observed TTM rate of zero was consistent with the upper 95% CI for the pretesting TTM incidence of 0AE9 per million donations. ConclusionThe study findings support the efficacy and safety of a targeted screening strategy combining a sensitive antibody screening test with a 4-month cellular component restriction period for donors with a declared malarial risk. The TTM risk in Australia remains low and did not measurably change after implementing the testing strategy.Key words: blood donor, malaria, screening, transfusion. IntroductionMalaria is a protozoan parasitic infection of humans resulting from infection by one or more of the five species of the genus Plasmodium (P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae and P. knowlesi) [1,2]. Transfusion transmitted malaria (TTM), although rare, continues to pose a risk to blood services worldwide with recent transmissions invariably resulting from 'semi-immune' donors who may carry undetectable levels of parasites without overt symptoms [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Of the five Plasmodium species, P. falciparum is the most serious transfusion risk since it is fatal in approximately 10% of patients infected in this way [10]. Although malaria is not endemic in Australia, there are between 500 and 900 cases of imported malaria annually constituting an ongoing TTM risk [11]. The last documented Australian TTM case, a fatality associated with P. falciparum, occurred in 1991 [12], this being the first reported transfusion Due to the lack of a suitable high throughput laboratory test, screening for malaria in Australian blood donors prior to July 2005 relied on collecting a comprehensive medical and travel history as part of the donor assessment process and exclusion of cellular blood components from those with potential risk exposure to Plasmodiae. At that time, the Australian Red Cross Blood Service (ARCBS) Guidelines for the select...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the safety and efficacy of a test-based, targeted donor screening strategy to minimize transfusion transmitted malaria

et al. 2010

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“…The new NWF filter could be used for purification of P. falciparum samples too. In this study, including mature stage P. falciparum -infected RBC could pass through the non-woven fabric filter material, this result is different from the report of using routine transfusion filter to deplete P. falciparum- infected RBC [22], this may be caused by the difference of filtration materials, sample size and iRBC load.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Development and evaluation of a prototype non-woven fabric filter for purification of malaria-infected blood

Tao

Xing

Cao

et al. 2011

Malar J

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BackgroundMany malaria-related studies depend on infected red blood cells (iRBCs) as fundamental material; however, infected blood samples from human or animal models include leukocytes (white blood cells or WBCs), especially difficult to separate from iRBCs in cases involving Plasmodium vivax. These host WBCs are a source of contamination in biology, immunology and molecular biology studies, requiring their removal. Non-woven fabric (NWF) has the ability to adsorb leukocytes and is already used as filtration material to deplete WBCs for blood transfusion and surgery. The present study describes the development and evaluation of a prototype NWF filter designed for purifying iRBCs from malaria-infected blood.MethodsBlood samples of P. vivax patients were processed separately by NWF filter and CF11 column methods. WBCs and RBCs were counted, parasite density, morphology and developing stage was checked by microscopy, and compared before and after treatment. The viability of filtrated P. vivax parasites was examined by in vitro short-term cultivation.ResultsA total of 15 P. vivax-infected blood samples were treated by both NWF filter and CF11 methods. The WBC removal rate of the NWF filter method was 99.03%, significantly higher than the CF11 methods (98.41%, P < 0.01). The RBC recovery rate of the NWF filter method was 95.48%, also significantly higher than the CF11 method (87.05%, P < 0.01). Fourteen in vitro short-term culture results showed that after filter treatment, P. vivax parasite could develop as normal as CF11 method, and no obvious density, developing stage difference were fund between two methods.ConclusionsNWF filter filtration removed most leukocytes from malaria-infected blood, and the recovery rate of RBCs was higher than with CF11 column method. Filtrated P. vivax parasites were morphologically normal, viable, and suitable for short-term in vitro culture. NWF filter filtration is simple, fast and robust, and is ideal for purification of malaria-infected blood.

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“…We have also shown that RBC and WB leucoreduction by filtration reduces T. cruzi concentrations by 99% and consequently can potentially decrease Chagas disease transfusion-transmission risk [2,3]. Moreover, Cardo et al [4] have reported the adherence of malaria-infected RBC to WB filters by at least three different mechanisms, suggesting that the unexplained decline in the incidence of transfusion-transmitted malaria in the last decades could be due to the increasing use of leucoreduction filters. The effectiveness of leucoreduction against other parasites, such as Babesia sp., remains to be demonstrated.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 53%

Leucoreduction for preventing parasite transfusion‐transmission: an overlooked strategy

Jimenez‐Marco

Girona-Llobera

2019

Vox Sanguinis

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Removal of Plasmodium falciparum–infected red blood cells from whole blood by leukoreduction filters

Abstract: PS expression by RBCs leads to their adherence within leukoreduction filters. Malaria-infected RBCs are retained via more than one mechanism. The efficiency of removal requires further study.

Cited by 12 publications

References 41 publications

Assessing the safety and efficacy of a test-based, targeted donor screening strategy to minimize transfusion transmitted malaria

Assessing the safety and efficacy of a test-based, targeted donor screening strategy to minimize transfusion transmitted malaria

Development and evaluation of a prototype non-woven fabric filter for purification of malaria-infected blood

Leucoreduction for preventing parasite transfusion‐transmission: an overlooked strategy

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