Removal of colour and lignin from paper mill wastewater using activated carbon from plastic mix waste

Gupta, Varsha; Bhardwaj, Nishi Kant; Rawal, Ravindra K.

doi:10.1007/s13762-021-03263-9

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“… Author, ref. no Black liquor source Active carbon source/system Decolorization* (%) Shivayogimath and Navaneet 64 Paper mill effluent, India Laboratory prepared activated carbon, from teakwood sawdust 83.19 Singh 65 Paper mill effluent, India Laboratory prepared activated carbon, from coconut jute 90.1 Zhang and Chuang 34 Soft wood Kraft pulp mill, China Commercial, Aldrich 95 Gupta et al 66 Kraft process-based pulp and paper mill, India Laboratory prepared activated carbon, from plastic mix waste 96.48 Sari et al 67 Plant reactor for bioethanol production, Indonesia Laboratory prepared activated carbon, from black liquor coagulated sludge, immobilized enzymes 97.7 This study Laboratory produced from corn stalks, Romania Commercial, Romcarbon Company 99.03 Mehmood et al 68 Paper and board mill, Pakistan Combined physicochemical treatment, granular AC 99.5 *The highest reported value. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Nechita

Suditu

Puițel

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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In this work, the active carbon adsorption and TiO2/UV decolorization of black liquor were studied through experimental analysis (planned using Design of Experiments), modelling and optimization (with Response Surface Method and Differential Evolution). The aim is to highlight the importance of optimization methods for increasing process efficiency. For active carbon adsorption, the considered process parameters were: quantity of active carbon, dilution, and contact time. For TiO2 promoted photochemical decolorization the process parameters were: TiO2 concentration, UV path length and irradiation time. The determined models had an R squared of 93.82% for active carbon adsorption and of 92.82% for TiO2/UV decolorization. The optimization of active carbon resulted in an improvement from 83.08% (corresponding to 50 g/L quantity of active carbon, 30 min contact time and 200 dilution) to 100% (corresponding to multiple combinations). The optimization of TiO2/UV decolorization indicated an increase of efficiency from 36.63% (corresponding to 1 g/L TiO2 concentration, 60 min irradiation time and 5 cm UV path length) to 46.83% (corresponding to 0.4 g/L TiO2 concentration, 59.99 min irradiation time and 2.85 cm UV path length). These results show that the experiments and the subsequent standard RSM optimization can be further improved, leading to better performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Nechita

Suditu

Puițel

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The values of R L show the adsorption nature e. g. favourable (0 < R L < 1), unfavourable (R L > 1), linear (R L = 1) and irreversible (R L = 0). [52] The R L values calculated for famotidine adsorption are in the range of 0.0362 to 0.0244. In this case as 0 < R L < 1, therefore the adsorption is favourable.…”

Section: Langmuir Isotherm For Famotidine Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Adsorptive Removal of Famotidine Drug from Aqueous Medium by Ocimum Basilicum

Gulab,

Malik,

Jan

et al. 2024

ChemistrySelect

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The present study investigated the potential of basil seeds as adsorbent in order to remove famotidine drug from aqueous media. The optimum conditions for the adsorption of famotidine on the basil seeds were found to be 50 min contact time, 50 °C temperature, pH 1, 100 ppm concentration of famotidine, 0.03 g adsorbent mass and 50 rpm agitation rate. Pseudo 2nd order kinetics with a higher correlation coefficient (R2=0.9942) suggested chemisorption as preferable mechanism of adsorption. However, the enthalpy of adsorption (ΔH=+33.67 KJ/mol) was less than that of chemisorption but higher than that of physisorption which was attributed to strong hydrogen bonding between famotidine molecules and basil seed surface. The Langmuir isotherm with higher R2 (0.9960) than Freundlich isotherm (R2=0.8798) predicted maximum adsorption capacity (qm) of 99 mg/g while suggesting monolayer and favourable adsorption. The adsorption was endothermic (+ΔH) and spontaneous (−ΔG) in nature. The FT‐IR spectroscopy confirmed that famotidine was adsorbed on basil seed via strong hydrogen bonding. The study proposed that the simultaneous intake of famotidine and basil seeds should be strictly avoided as the drug readily adsorbs on basil seeds in acidic environment (gastric pH) thereby reducing its curing effect.

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“…As another inexpensive and environmentally friendly adsorbent, activated carbon can be produced by pyrolysis of mixed plastic waste, and its application to waste plastic management and wastewater treatment may solve both problems simultaneously. Based on the optimization, 1.25 g of adsorbent dose, pH of 8, contact time of 7 h, agitation speed of 184 rpm, and temperature of 40 °C, 98.46% of color and 94.25% of lignin were eliminated …”

Section: Physical and Chemical-based Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the optimization, 1.25 g of adsorbent dose, pH of 8, contact time of 7 h, agitation speed of 184 rpm, and temperature of 40 °C, 98.46% of color and 94.25% of lignin were eliminated. 96 Novel adsorbents made from clay mixed with zeolite and activated carbon are also used in the P&P industry. 97,98 Adsorption plays a major role in treating black liquor due to the presence of dangerous metals such as lead, iron, barium, manganese, nickel, zinc, cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, and arsenic.…”

Section: Reverse Osmosis (Ro)mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

Esmaeeli,

Sarrafzadeh,

Zeighami

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The pulp and paper industry generates vast amounts of wastewater, and its character heavily depends on various factors (raw material, the undertaken process, the final product, etc.). The wastewater from this sector, which originates from several sources in each mill and are mostly combined, is polluting and hazardous. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the physical, chemical, biological, and advanced hybrid treatment techniques, concerning their effectiveness in removing specific pollutants, namely, chemical oxygen demand, lignin, color, and adsorbable organo-halogens. Throughout the manuscript, at the end of each section, a conclusive comparison has been presented and the proper method is introduced. Furthermore, numeric data regarding the effectiveness of each technique toward each pollutant are gathered from the literature and are available in the Supporting Information of the paper. Biological treatment processes using anaerobic–aerobic treatment mostly cure organic biodegradable contaminants (75–90% COD removal). Moreover, biological treatment using a consortium of microorganisms can potentially increase color removal efficiency (from 65 to 97%). Hybrid treatment is also among the candidates for color removal. To treat complex matters (lignin and AOX), physical and chemical treatments have shown promising performance, but they are generally expensive and impractical to treat huge amounts of wastewater. For the treatment of high molecular weight contaminants (lignin) advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), including ozonation and Fenton-based treatment, have shown great performance (90–99%); however, they are limited due to their maintenance and operation costs. To overcome these challenges, source separation of the wastewater streams in the pulp and paper industry is recommended. AOPs or membrane technologies or hybrid processes are suggested for the bleaching effluent (80% AOX removal), which is relatively low in amount, and a combination of conventional treatment processes would be preferred to treat wastewater streams that are more biodegradable. The biological performance can also be enhanced using granular activated carbon on the sequence. Finally, for treating black liquor, adsorption processes have proven to be the prime candidate.

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Removal of colour and lignin from paper mill wastewater using activated carbon from plastic mix waste

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Differential evolution-based optimization of corn stalks black liquor decolorization using active carbon and TiO2/UV

Adsorptive Removal of Famotidine Drug from Aqueous Medium by Ocimum Basilicum

A Comprehensive Review on Pulp and Paper Industries Wastewater Treatment Advances

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